_JC_StudyGuide1

=__**Study Guide**__= =Hominids and their Characteristics=
 * Australopithecus-Name means 'southern ape.' Appeared in Africa about 4~5 million years ago. Stood upright and walked on two legs. Brain was one-third the size of a modern human.
 * Homo habilis-Name means 'handy man.' Appeared in Africa about 2.4 million years ago. Used early stone tools for chopping and scraping. Brain was about one half of a modern human.
 * Homo erectus-Name means 'upright man.' Appeared in Africa about 2~1.5 million years ago. Learned to control fire. Moved out of Africa into Asia and Europe.
 * Home sapiens-Name means 'wise man.'

= 'Sloth is the mother of invention' =

= = = = = = =__Hominids and Their Characteristics__= Chronological order-please do not mess up. It makes reading much easier.
 * __**Australopithecus**__-means 'southern ape'/appeared in Africa about 4~5 million years ago/stood up and walked on two legs/brain is one-third the size of modern human/
 * __**Homo habilis**__-means 'handy man'/appeared in Africa about 2.4 million years ago/used early stone tools for chopping and scraping/brain is half the size of modern humans/
 * __**Homo erectus**__-means 'upright man'/appeared in Africa about 2~1.5 million years ago/used early stone tools like the hand ax/learned to control fire/migrated out into Asia and Europe/
 * __**Homo sapiens**__-means 'wise man'/appeared in Africa about 200,000 years ago/migrated around the world/learned to create fir and to use a wide variety of tools/developed language/

=__Aspects of Daily Life Effects__= food source...? -can someone get the worksheet and write the information on there on here?
 * People went into more details
 * People didn't have migrate to get food
 * People use better tools and get more harvest.
 * People can now have food without hunting.
 * People came up with new tools that are more advanced.
 * A reliable food source now provided them with surplus time as well as food.
 * Now people can practice other unique skills such as pottery, embroidery, crafting, etc.
 * More tools.
 * People domesticated animals. They also advanced in agriculture such as starting to pick out the best seeds that produce the most amount of grains and started reproducing the good seeds over and over again.
 * More food=more people. Babies didn't die as much. People got sick less because of the abundance of food.
 * People lived in bigger clusters. This enabled people to help each other and obtain even more food.
 * Less land was needed because most people farmed instead of hunting. So, more people were able to use the land since land was divided into smaller pieces. People didn't starve so much as they did before.
 * People started to trade with one another.
 * They used obsidian to make knife blades and mirrors.
 * People replaced animal skins with cotton and silk.

=**__Vocabulary__**=

Alphabetical order-please do not mess it up. It makes reading much easier

 * __**Agriculture**__-domestication of animals and plants
 * __**Ancestor**__-a relative who lived in the past
 * __**Archaeology**__-the study of the past based on what people left behind
 * __**Artifacts**__-an object created and used by humans
 * __**Culture**__-the knowledge, beliefs, customs, and values of a group of people
 * **__Domestication__**-to change plants/animals so they are more useful to humans
 * __**Fossil**__-a part or imprint of something that was alive
 * **__History__**-the study of the past
 * **__Hominid__**-an early ancestor of humans
 * **__Hunter-gatherer__**- People who hunt animals and gather plants and seeds
 * **__Mesolithic Era__**- 'middle stone' era
 * **__Neolithic Era__**-'new stone' era
 * __**Paleolithic Era**__- 'old stone' era
 * **__Prehistory__**-the time before writing was developed
 * __**Selective Breeding**__-the technique where you take the desired traits of a plant/animal and only plant/breed those so the traits are in the next generation
 * **__Society__**-community of people who share a common culture
 * **__Surplus__**-extra/more than enough
 * __**Tool**__-a tool is a hand held object that has been modified to help a person accomplish a task

=__Timeline__=
 * **__BCE__**-before the common era (BC)
 * **__CE__**-common era (AD)
 * **__BC__**-before christ (BCE)
 * **__AD__**-//anno domini//- 'in the year of our lord' (CE)
 * **__c.__**-circa; term that means 'about'
 * **__decade__**-10 years
 * **__century__**-100 years
 * **__millennium__**-1000 years
 * __**era**__-period of time marked by an a single cultural event, change, or person
 * __**age**__-period of time marked by an even bigger cultural event, change, or person

= = =__Other notes__=
 * We are changing the world.
 * Our world is advancing all the time.
 * Long ago, people used tools such as obsidian knives.
 * People find out more information.