Annie

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=Ancient Egypt=

=

= = =**__Assignment 3-5__**= Read the information here about the three kingdoms in ancient Egypt. The problem with these three paragraphs is that each paragraph does not have specific details or evidence. Your task is to find specific details and evidence from our textbook for the information presented in each paragraph about each kingdom. Then re-write the paragraph adding the new specific details and evidence you found. Write the new paragraph on your wiki page. The Old Kingdom (2700 BCE - 2200 BCE) Specific details and evidence about this kingdom can be found on pages 98-100 in our textbook. Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...**
 * __Part 1__
 * Pyramids (definition, examples, construction details)
 * Workers
 * Importance of the pyramids

Specific details and evidence about this kingdom can be found on pages 101-102 in our textbook. Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...**
 * __Part 2__**
 * The Middle Kingdom (2100 BCE - 1800 BCE)
 * the difference with the Old Kingdom
 * what life was like during this time
 * wars or battles and who was involved

Part 1: Pyramids were triangular tombs to bury their pharaohs and they were first built in the Old Kingdom. The largest pyramid is called the Great Pyramid of Khufu at Giza and it is 481 feet high. Also, the pyramids are a great reminder of Ancient Egypt's engineering. People are not sure how the Egyptian workers built the pyramids and 100,000 workers may have been needed to build a one pyramid. The pyramids symbolize the importance of the pharaohs and their journey to the afterlife.

Part 2: Pharaohs became less wealthier in the Middle Kingdom and nobles were powerful enough to go against the pharaohs. Trading, arts, and literature developed and had strong armies.

Assignment 3-4  **Part 1:** Go to this [|site] and read about the different Egyptian gods and goddesses. Choose one of these that you would like to be and explain why you would like to be that god or goddess. Then choose one that you would __**not**__ want to be and explain why. Make sure your explanations are **middle school quality explanations**.
 * Part 2:** Compare these Egyptian gods and goddesses with the [|Mesopotamian gods and goddesses]. Did you find similar gods? Name the gods/goddesses and clearly explain the similarities? Why do you think they are similar even though Egypt and the Mesopotamian civilizations were different?

Part 1: I would like to be Ma'at, goddess of truth, justice, and harmony. I would like to be her because she must have been a good goddess since she was a goddess of truth. I wouldn't like to be Anubis god of embalming and the dead because he has a jackal head, and and being the god of dead must be scary. An Egyptian god having to embalm the dead bodies is strange, and embalming a body is disgusting. Part 2: A Mesopotamian god named Anu is the god of the sky and the Egyptian goddess Nut is the goddess of the sky.

=__Assignment 3-3__=
 * Source:** How to Mummify Nefermaat
 * Directions:** Go to the link above to mummify a body. As you work to mummify the body, answer the following questions __**clearly and with details**__ on your wiki page.
 * 1) Why did Egyptians want to [|preserve] dead bodies?
 * 2) How did they [|preserve] bodies? What is this process of preservation called?
 * 3) Explain how the brain was removed from the dead body. Why was the brain removed?
 * 4) Name the four internal organs that were removed from the body. What was done with these organs?
 * 5) What did they do with the heart? Why?
 * 6) What is natron and why was it used? Using your scribble map of Egypt, name the area where natron came from.
 * 7) How was [|linen] used during mummification?
 * 8) What are [|amulets] and how were they used? Give two examples of amulets that were used and explain why they were used.
 * 9) What happens to the body after it was mummified?

1. To let the soul recognize its body after death. 2. The process of preservation is called mummification. They dried out the body and wrapped bandage around it. 3. You use a metal hook and stick it up to the dead body's nose to take the brain out. The brain was removed because the Egyptians thought that the brain wasn't important. 4. The intestines, the stomach, the liver, and the lungs. The organs were put in jars to put next to the tomb of the dead person. 5. The left the heart where it was because they believed that the heart was how we think about the brain. 6. Natron is salt that absorbs moisture. 7. Linen was used to make the body more plump and they wrapped linen around the body. 8. Amulets are objects for keep off evil things, and they were put with the mummy. The amulets were wrapped with the dead body to protect it. 9. The body is put into a mummy case and then into a sarcophagus.

=__Assignment 3-2__=
 * Source: Pages 93 & 94 in your online textbook and refer to your river boat tour notes**
 * Directions: Answer the following questions clearly and with details on your wiki page.**

1. Read the //If YOU were there section//. How do you feel about working for the pharaoh? 2. Eventually the Third Dynasty began in ancient Egypt. The Third Dynasty was the beginning of what historians call ............. . When did it start and end? 3. Explain how ancient Egyptians felt about their country and their pharaoh. 4. What were the responsibilities of the pharaoh? 5. What is best known about the famous pharaoh, Khufu? Can you name a specific monument built for him? 6.a Clearly explain the structure of society in the Old Kingdom. (Note: This should be a long answer.) 6.b. What may be some advantages and disadvantages of such a large segment of the population being farmers, servants, and slaves? 6.c. What did farmers do during flood season? 7. Clearly explain trading in ancient Egypt (what was traded and who they traded with). 8. Define the word //**acquire**//. Use //**acquire**// in an original sentence. 9. Using the drawing of Egyptian society on page 94, explain where Viziers would be placed?

1. I would feel happy that I get to work for my god and sometimes tired since I would be working a lot. 2. The Third Dynasty was the beginning of what historians call the Old Kingdom, and it lasted from 2700 to 2200 B.C.E. 3. Ancient Egyptians felt that the pharaoh was their king and god and the country belongs to the gods. 4. The responsibilities of the pharaoh are to prevent wars, make useful trades, and they blame him if the crops don't grow and if a disease has spread upon them. 5. Pharaoh Khufu was best known for the monuments built for him. One great monument is called the Great Pyramid at Giza. 6.a. The top person in the society is the Pharaoh and then is the upper class which has nobles, priest, and rich families. After that is the middle class which has scribes and rich craftspeople. Then is the lower class which are farmers, slaves, and servants. 6.b. Advantages of a large population of being in the lower class is that there are plenty of people to work and build monuments, and the disadvantages are there are a lot of people in the lower class that are not rich. They are the ones who always have to work when they are told to. 6.c. Farmers worked on the pharaoh's building projects during the flood seasons. 7. In Ancient Egypt they traded for gold, copper, ivory, slaves, and stone. They trade with Nubia and Syria. 8. Definition of acquire: buy or obtain. Sentence- I have acquired the Rosetta Stone. 9. In the upper class with the nobles.

**Assignment 1**


 * Sources:**
 * **Carefully read your online textbook pages 88 and 89.** **(Note: Make sure you scroll down on page 89 to see more information.)**
 * **Use the map above, the maps in the //Egypt Resources// wiki page, or your Scribble Map search function**


 * Directions:**
 * **Your task is to label a map of the Nile River and ancient Egypt on your current Scribble Map. You must mark, label, or represent famous sites, cities, and other objects. //Label everything carefully//.** (Note: //Mark// means use a marker, //label// means use a text label, //represent// means draw a symbol to show the item.)
 * **You must also provide an image and a description for some of the labels. Each description must be at least three sentences long and must be clear, detailed, and specific. Your description should give us clear information to help us understand the item or place and why it was so important for ancient Egyptians.**

1. Represent and label the Nile’s Sixth Cataract to the First Cataract.

2. Label the Red Sea.

3. Represent three mines and three quarries. **Provide an image and a description for each mine and quarry.**

4. Represent and label these historic sites: the Valley of the Kings, the Great Pyramid of Khufu, the Sphinx, Abu Simbel, the Pharos (lighthouse in the port of Alexandria), the Bahriya Oasis and the Farafra oasis (include palm trees). **Provide an image and a description for each historic site.**

5. Mark these cities: Abydos, Thebes, Giza, Hermopolis, Memphis, Bubastis, Rosetta, Alexandria, Meroe, Khartoum, and Elephantine

6. Label these geographical features: the Western Desert, the Eastern Desert, the Nile Delta (include animals found here), the Sinai Peninsula, the Wadi el-Natrun, the Mediterranean Sea, the Gulf of Suez, the Nubian Desert. Include animals of the desert. **Provide an image and a description for each geographical feature.**

7. Label Lower Egypt and Upper Egypt.

=Mesopotamia & Ancient Sumer=

Comic on one of the 16 achievements

**Hominids and their Characteristics**
 * Homo Sapiens = Homo Sapiens learned how to how to make fire, migrated the world, and developed language.
 * Homo Erectus = Homo Erectus walked up-right. They learned how to use and control fire. Migrated out of Africa to Asia and Europe.
 * Homo Habilis = Homo Habilis are the "handy man." They made the first stone tools.
 * Australopithecus = Are the oldest hominids on Earth that is thought to have walked on two legs.

==Aspects of Daily life effects notes= **
 * Food Supply
 * ====People learned how to prepare and use food.====


 * ====People learned how to domesticate animals.====


 * ====The agriculture was more predictable than hunting or gathering.====

Occupation

 * ====In the Paleolithic period, most people hunted or gathered.====


 * ====In the Neolithic period, people could focus on other stuff since their was a better food source.====


 * ====There was a wider variety of jobs.====

Population/ Settlement

 * ====Neolithic settlements were larger and more permanent.====


 * ====The Neolithic people stayed longer in a settlement because there was a more reliable food source.====


 * ====Paleolithic people traveled in bands from 20- 60 people.====

Resources

 * ====More resources meant that people were more developed====


 * ====Neolithic people traded obsidian the most.====


 * ====On the Neolithic period, people started to trade====


 * ====No one traded in the Paleolithic people because they used resources near them====

Shelter

 * ====Paleolithic people lived in tents.====


 * ====Neolithic people built houses where they could work.====


 * ====Neolithic houses were either found or rectangular.====

Technology

 * ====Paleolithic people used stone tools called "stone choppers."====


 * ====Neolithic people created sharp axes.====


 * ====Neolithic people discovered that metal was better than stone because you could melt it, reshape it, or remold it.====

= =

__Vocabulary__ Paleolithic Era- the Old Stone Age Neolithic Era- the New Stone Age

Hunter-gatherer- early humans that hunt and gathered their food and supplies to survive
Society- a community of people who share a common culture agriculture- farming and domesticating plants and animals land bridge- a strip of land connecting two continents domesticating-to make changes to a plant or animal for benefits for us irrigation-the watering of plants by digging the ground so water from a lake or river can flow through so it would water the crops

__**Other notes**__
 * The ability to walk on two legs was the key step to human development.
 * Tools got better, made hand ax
 * The most important development of early stone age culture was language


 * Assignment 1 **

1. Were you born in a BCE year or an CE year? 2. Put the following dates in order: AD 2000, 3100 BC, 15 BCE, AD 476, AD 3, CE 1215 3. If you read that an event happened c. AD 1000, what would that mean?

1. I was born in in a CE year. 2. 3100 BC, 15 BCE, AD 3, AD 476, CE 1215, AD 2000. 3. If I read that an event happened c. AD 1000, that would mean castles were built in Europe. What if it is a different event?

A ssignment 2
Just like the questions you were asked in class, please create five questions about the timeline we used in class. 1. Which year occurred first 50,000 BCE or 30,000 BCE? Answer: 50,000 BCE. 2. The color TV was invented in 1950 CE. In which century did this event take place? Answer: The nineteenth century. 3. What event occurred between 500 BCE and the start of the common era? Answer: Building of the Great Wall of china begins. 4. What event took place in the second millennium BCE? Answer: 22-letter alphabet created by Phoenicians. 5. How many events took place between 1000 CE and 2000 CE? Answer: 6 events

=__Assignment 3__= Note you will have 3 class periods to prepare your plays. See  Resources-1 Answer the following questions on your wiki page. 1. What were your roles in the 'Creation of a Puppet Show' project? 2. What Problems did your group run into? 3. How did your group deal with these problems? 4. Identify two similarities between all of the origin stories. 5. Compare and Contrast any of the two origin stories presented in class (at least one paragraph
 * Human Origins-The Puppet Play Project** **Response**

1. My roles in the 'Creation of a Puppet Show' project was Fuxi, narrator, and a poor human. 2. Problems that our group ran into was if we need to change some things in the script and if we needed anything else to add or remove from the play. 3. We changed and add some things, and listened to each others' ideas. 4. Two similarities between all of the origin stories are that they all have gods and goddess in them, and they tell you how humans were created. 5. Two origin stories that were presented in class was the origin story from Egypt and China. The similarities between these two origin stories are that it shows the beginning of the human race created by a god or goddess, and the god and goddess were both lonely. The difference between these two origin stories are that one story is a goddess who created humans with mud, and the other one was created by a god from his tears.

=Assignment 4= Please read pages 29 & 30 from your online textbook and answer these questions clearly and in complete sentences on your wiki page.

1. On which continent were Lucy and other hominids found? 2. What is the scientific name of Lucy? 3. How long ago did Lucy live? 4. What was an important step in human development? 5. Describe and explain how these hominids are different from each other. Use the charts about the hominids on page 30 to help you with the answer. Make sure your answer is clear and detailed. Australopithecus Homo habilis Homo erectus Homo sapiens

6. Which hominid are you?

1. Lucy and the other hominids were found in Africa. 2. The scientific name of Lucy is Australopithecus in hominids. 3. Lucy lived more than three million years ago. 4. An important step in human development was the ability to walk with two legs. 5. Australopithecus, Homo habilis, Homo erectus, and Homo sapiens are all different from each other. What makes them different from each other is that they were all from different time and they aren't the same kind. They all had different brain size, and Australopithecus walk on two feet just like humans, and Homo habilis used tools like a rock for chopping and scraping. Homo erectus, also used early tools and learned how to control fire. They trekked out of Africa to Asia and Europe. Homo sapiens trekked around the world and is the same species as modern humans. They learned how to make fire, and use different kind of tools, and they started to develop language.

=**__Assignment 5__**= Read pages 32-34 from your online textbook and answer these questions __**clearly** and in **complete sentences**on your wiki page__.
 * 1) Why do historians need archaeologists and anthropologists to study **prehistory**?
 * 2) What might have been one advantage of walking completely upright?
 * 3) What kind of **tools** did people use during the **Paleolithic Era**?
 * 4) Design a stone and wood tool you could use to help you with your chores. Describe your tool in a sentence or two.
 * 5) What is a **hunter-gatherer**?
 * 6) In your opinion, what was the most important change brought by the development of language?
 * 7) Define the boldfaced words above.

1. Historians need archaeologists and anthropologist to study prehistory, because archaeologists and anthropologists will know all these information that they found, so the historians will know and learn about what information that they found. 2. One advantage of walking completely upright is that were taller when we are on two legs than four legs. 3. People used rocks or obsidian blade tools during the Paleolithic Era. 4. My tool that can help me with my chores could be like a sharp and flat stone on each side, and a spooned shape wood. 5. A hunter-gatherer is a person who hunts for food, and gather plants seeds and such. 6. In my opinion, the most important change brought by the development of language is that we can communicate. 7. Prehistory- A portion of time before written records. Paleolithic Era- The old stone age. Tools- A thing used for use. Hunter-gatherer- A person who hunts food and gathers plants for living.

=**__Assignment 6__**= Use your online textbook (p. 40 & p. 41) to answer these questions __**clearly**__ and __**completely**__. Please put your answers on your wiki page.

1. Read the paragraph in the //Beginnings of Agriculture// section on p.40 and answer the question (How could this discovery change your life?). Read //The First Farmers// and //Plants// section on p.41 and answer these questions: 2. What is another name for the New Stone Age? 3. What kinds of tools did people make during this time? What do you think they used these tools for? 4. In the textbook it says that people during the Neolithic period could now __**make**__ fire. Which hominid would this be? 5. When we changed from gathering food to growing food, historians called it the Neolithic Revolution. Why do you think it's called a revolution? 6. What is the definition for the word 'domestication'? 7. Using the map on p.41, which animals were domesticated in Asia? 8. Using the map on p.41, where was corn first domesticated? 9. If you were a farmer, how would your life be different than a hunter and gatherer. Give three ways your life would be different.

1. This discovery can change my life by having more reliable food source. 2. Another name for the New Stone Age is called the Neolithic Era. 3. They made saws and drills during this time. I think they used these tools for cutting, digging holes, and cutting down trees. 4. It would be Homo Erectus in hominids. 5. I think it's called a revolution, because it was an important change from gathering food to growing food. 6. The definition for the word 'domestication' is to tame an animal or to use it as a farm produce. 7. Animals that were domesticated in Asia were horse, cattle, sheep, and goat. 8. Corn was first domesticated in southern North America. 9. If I were a farmer, three ways my life would be different than a hunter and gatherer is that I wouldn't need to hunt since I would have my animals, and a gatherer would be the same since we both gather our food.

=**__Assignment 7__**= Write 3 good test questions covering any of the topics we have studied so far.

Answer these questions **clearly** and **completely** on your wiki page.

1. What was the main difference between life in the Paleolithic period and life in the Neolithic period? 2. How did people's lives change as they began to domesticate plants and animals during the Neolithic period? 3. What are some advantages and disadvantages of the changes in daily life that occurred as a result of the development of agriculture?

3 good test questions covering any of the topics we have studies so far: 1. What did hunter gatherers do for living? 2. What kind of tools were made in the Paleolithic period and the Neolithic period? 3. What were the big changes in the Neolithic period?

1. The main difference between life in the Paleolithic period and the life in the Neolithic period was that there was reliable food source in the Neolithic period, not the Paleolithic. 2. People's lives change as they began to domesticate plants and animals during the Neolithic period by having more food and not always having to move to different areas. 3. Some advantages and disadvantages of the changes in daily life that occurred as a result of the development of agriculture is that in the Neolithic period, we can just grow food, stay in one place, and there was more reliable food source, but the disadvantage was that you would have to grow your food.

=**__Assignment 8__**= Use these two videos about Catal Huyuk to answer these questions __**clearly**__ and __**completely**__ on your wiki page. 1. What are three things about daily life in Catal Huyuk that surprised you? Why did they surprise you? 2. What are three things about daily life in Catal Huyuk you knew already from class? 3. Jookie is a 12 year old living in Catal Huyuk. __**Explain**__ three ways her life is different than yours. (Note: Simply saying you have cell phones and she doesn't is an unacceptable answer.)
 * Catal Huyuk video 1
 * Catal Huyuk video 2

1. Three things about daily life in Catal Huyuk that surprised me is how they knew how to do surgery, what surgery is, and how they did surgery. This surprised me because I didn't think there would be surgery long time ago, and it was surprising how they did the head surgery. The head surgery seems very reckless, because it can cause damage to the person who is having the surgery, so you never know if it is going to save, kill, or damage that person. 2. Three things about daily life in Catal Huyuk that I already knew from class are that everyone works, build houses, and gather food. 3. Three ways that my life is different from Jookie's life in Catal Huyuk is that she would probably work everyday and help her mother like gathering food, I would probably just do some chores like making my bed or cleaning my room. Jookie would probably go outside everyday to do her chores like farming and play, I don't always go outside I sometimes just stay at my house for the whole day unless it is the weekdays I would be going to school. Finally, Jookie might make her own clothes or jewerly out of animal skin or anything she finds, I don't make my own clothes out of animal skin, and I could my make own jewerly with those jewerly kits, and I have handmade jewerly from someone that I know.

=**__Assignment 9__**= Now that we are finished with the Early Humans unit, I would like you to reflect on what you have learned about Early Humans. Please complete these sentences clearly and with specific details. Write the answers on your wiki page.

1. The single most important thing I learned was...

2. Something that confused me or that I didn't understand was...

3. What surprised me the most was...

4. I would like to know more about...

5. The part that I think I will always remember was...

1. The single most important thing I learned was learning about the who was there before us and the great development from the Paleolithic Era to the Neolithic Era. 2. Something that confused me or that I didn't understand was reading the timeline. 3. What surprised me the most was the early hominids before humans and how Australopithecus can stand upright on two legs. 4. I would like to know more about what happens that is a great development after the Neolithic Revolution. 5. The part that i think I will always remember is how they did the head surgery long time ago.

=__Assignment 2-1__= Answer the following questions and define the vocabulary (if any) clearly and with details on your wiki page.** **Use the links above from the Class Activity** **//to//help you answer the questions.**
 * Are you smarter than a Neolithic person?

1. What helped the human population to grow in //Mesopotamia//? 2. What does //cultivate// mean? 3. By 5000 B.C.E. what major problem did the farmers in the Zagros hills have? 4. Using the choices in the critical thinking section of the activity, what is the best way to deal with the food shortage? Why?
 * //Event A: Food Shortage//**

1. What two major problems did farmers have as they tried to grow their crops on the Mesopotamian river //plains//? 2. How did they solve these problems? 3. Where did the melted snow that caused flooding come from?
 * Event B: Uncontrolled Water Supply**

Event A:Food Shortage 1. People settling down in permanent villages and cultivating food for a very long time which made it have more food supply, helped the human population to grow in Mesopotamia 2. Cultivate means to grow. 3. By 5000 B.C.E. there was not enough land to grow food for the population, so there was not that much food to eat. 4. The best way to deal with the food shortage is A. Increase the number of times each year that farmers plant their crops. I chose A. because if we plant more and more crops each year we will have more food supply, and even though it takes a long time to plant the crops, it won't take an year. We can also trade the crops for more useful things that we don't have.

Event B: Uncontrolled Water Supply 1. Two major problems that the farmers had as they tried to grow their crops on the Mesopotamian river plains is that in April is the month when farmers plant their seeds, but it is also the time when the heaviest flood occurs so the farmers' seeds were washed away. The second major problem is that in the summer the land was really dry and hard, so it ruined all the vegetation. 2. They solved these problems by creating a reliable water supply for the whole year. 3. The melted snow that caused flooding came from the mountains.

=Assignment 2-2=
 * Answer the following questions and define the vocabulary (if any) __clearly__ and with __details__ on your wiki page. Use the links above from the In Class Activity 2-1 called //Event C:// //Building and Maintaining a Complex Irrigation System// & //Event D: Attacks by Neighboring Communities// to help you answer the questions.**

1. What was the first simple method farmers used to get water to their fields from the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers? 2. How did farmers prevent flooding? 3. Over time, carrying buckets of water to the fields was too difficult. Please __**clearly**__ explain how levees, canals, dams, and reservoirs were used to make life easier for farmers? 4. Which word means an extra supply of something such as food? 5. What could happen if one canal was clogged? 6. How did different villages take care of the complex irrigation system?
 * Event C: Building and Maintaining a Complex Irrigation System**

1. How did Mesopotamian villages help each other? 2. How were people, who lived very far apart, connected to each other? 3. What did many villages grow into? 4. What do we call the region in Mesopotamia that had many growing cities and towns? What are the people called that come from this region? 5. How could one city stop the water from reaching another city? 6. Why was it easy to attack other cities on the Mesopotamian plains? 7. What defense plan is best to protect a city?
 * Event D: Attacks by Neighboring Communities**

Event C: Building and Maintaining a Complex Irrigation System 1. The first simple method farmers used to get water to their fields from the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers is that they carried buckets full of water. 2. The farmers prevent flooding by building earth walls called levees. 3. Levees made life easier for farmers because they don't need to go get water and put it in a bucket, they just built a earth wall and poke a hole, so that the water from a river flows through the hole to the field. Canals helped the farmers because it controls the direction where the water flows. Dams and reservoirs also helped the farmers because it can block or store water anywhere in the river. 4.Surplus 5. If one canal was clogged the entire irrigation system could be destroyed. 6. Different villages took care of the complex irrigation system by cleaning the reservoirs and canals.

Event D: Attacks by Neighboring Communities 1. Mesopotamian villages helped each other by workers from different villages helping each other work. 2. People who lived very far apart, were connected to each other by irrigation canals. 3. Many villages grew into towns and cities. 4. We call the region in Mesopotamia Sumer, and the people who are from Sumer are called Sumerians. 5. One city can stop the water from reaching another city by building new canals or blocking them. 6. It was easy to attack other cities on the Mesopotamian plains because there was no natural obstacles for protection. 7. A best defense plan to protect a city is to make a trap.

=__Assignment 2-3__= Please read pages 56-59 from your online textbook and answer these questions __**clearly** and in **complete sentences** on your wiki page__.

1. How did the Fertile Crescent get its name? 2. What was the most important factor in making Mesopotamia's farmland fertile? 3. In what ways did a Division of Labor contribute to the growth of Mesopotamiam civilization? 4. How might running large projects like the maintaining a large and complex irrigation system prepare people for running a government?

1. The Fertile Crescent got its name by having rich soil and fertile that made farming good. 2. The most important factor in making Mesopotamia's farmland fertile is to grow food. 3. Division of Labor contribute to the growth of Mesopotamian civilization by people doing something than farming like different jobs. 4. Running large projects like the maintaining a large and complex irrigation system prepare people for running a goverment by needing rules to complete the projects.

=**__Assignment 2-4__  **= Using **The Six Characteristics of a Civilization** (see below)**,** answer the following questions **clearly** and with **details** on your wiki page. = = 1. Is Korea/ the U.S. a civilization according to the six characteristics explained in class? Provide one example from Korea/the U.S. for each characteristic. 2. Does a civilization, in your opinion, need to have all of the characteristics mentioned? Why or why not?

1. A system of government that directs and controls some actions of the members of the society. 2. A regular food supply that is not likely to suddenly change. 3. Specialization of labor, in which members of the society perform different jobs. 4. Different social levels, in which some members of the society are given higher status than others. 5. A highly developed culture including art, architecture, music, literature, science, and writing. 6. A religious system, which might include priests and temples.
 * The Six Characteristics of a Civilization:**

1. Yes, Korea and the U.S. have cultures, languages, traditions, a government, and rules to follow. 2. A civilization, in my opinion, does not have to have all of the characteristics mentioned, because not every place have regular food supply and a religious system.

=**__Assignment 2-5__**= Use your online textbook pages 63 & 64 to answer these questions clearly and with details on your wiki page. Make sure to look through the **whole page** in your textbook and the links for the vocabulary when answering some of the questions.


 * 1) Where did the Akkadians live?
 * 2) What was their relationship with the Sumerians like before the 2300s B.C.E.?
 * 3) Who was Sargon and what did he do?
 * 4) What did Sargon establish?
 * 5) Define 'empire'.
 * 6) Explain two examples why Sargon is considered a great leader.
 * 7) How long did Sargon rule his empire?
 * 8) What eventually happened to the Akkadian Empire?
 * 9) Who eventually became the most powerful civilization in Mesopotamia again?
 * 10) Using the picture of the City-State of Ur, what can you see in the picture that shows Ur was an advanced city?

1. The Akkadians lived north of Sumer. 2. They lived in peace with the Sumerians before the 2300s B.C.E. 3. Sargon was the Akkadian emperor and he broke the peace between Akkadians and Sumerians. 4. Sargon established the world's first empire. 5. Empire is a land with different places and people who live under a single rule. 6. Two examples why Sargon is considered a great leader is because he established the world's first empire and it says that later rulers could not keep the empire safe, so I guess that means that Sargon did a good job of keeping the empire safe. 7. Sargon ruled his empire for more than 50 years. 8. Got raided and captured. 9. Sumerians became the most powerful civilization in Mesopotamia. 10. In the picture it shows that Ur was an advanced city because they were tons of houses, the place looks very big, they had huge walls to keep invaders away, and there were boats and canals.

=**__Assignment 2-6 __**= After playing the Trader's Circuit, answer the following questions in complete sentences on your page. You can copy and paste these questions into your page. Then copy and paste your questions and answers onto your discussion tab. Then go to the **discussion tabs** of at least three other classmates and make **good quality middle school comments** about your classmates answers to the questions about the Trader's Circuit game. You can make comments to your classmates like if you agree or disagree or comments about how good their answers and ideas are. __**Trader's Circuit questions**__ 1. What part of the game did you like the best? Why? 2. During the game, how did you feel and why did you feel that way? 3. What part of the game was difficult for you? 4. In your opinion, what advantage is there to having a monopoly of an entire product/resource such as dates or jewelry? 5. What part of the game would you change if you played it again? Why? 6. In this game, was it better to cooperate with another player or to be selfish and try to get all the products/resources for yourself? Why?

1. I liked the part of trying to get a monopoly because thats the whole point of this game and thats what makes you keep on playing. 2. During the game, I felt bored because I didn't enjoy the game at all since all your doing is just trading with other people. 3. The part of the game that was most difficult for me is trying to get the item that I want. 4. In my opinion, a advantage there is to having a monopoly of an entire product/resource such as dates or jewelry is that everybody will come to you for that resource you have since your the only one who has that resource. 5. A part of the game that I would change if I played it again is that everyone would have all the resources because it will be easy to trade for your resource. 6. In this game, it was better to cooperate with another player to get all the products/resources because you wouldn't be guilty and you will learn team work.

=**__Assignment 2-7 __**=
 * Source: Read pages 74 and 75 in your online textbook**
 * Directions:** Read the questions/directions carefully and write **clear and detailed** answers on your wiki page.

1. Read the "If you were there..." section on page 74. How will you advise the King? 2. What happened to Ur by 2000 BCE? 3. Where was Babylon located? 4. Who became the king of Babylon? When did he become king? 5. What is a monarch? 6. After conquering all of Mesopotamia, what did Hammurabi call his empire? 7. Hammurabi was a great warrior and leader. What other skills did he have? 8. What is Hammurabi's Code? What areas of daily life did the code cover? 9. Give two reasons why Hammurabi's Code was important. 10. What eventually happened to the Babylonian Empire? How is this similar to what happened to the Akkadian Empire? 11. Read the different laws in the [|Code of Hammurabi on this site] and choose **three** that you think are interesting. __**Copy**__ the three laws and their **numbers** onto your page. Then for **each** law, explain why you think it's interesting. You can write about if you disagree or agree with the law or if you think the law is a good law or a cruel law.

1. I will advise the King to not punish common people more harshly than nobles because were all the same people and if we both did the same wrong thing we should be punished equally. 2. In 2000 BCE Ur was in ruins. 3. Babylon was located on the Euphrates River. 4. In 1792 BCE Hammurabi became the king of Babylon. 5. A ruler of a kingdom or empire. 6. After conquering all of Mesopotamia, Hammurabi called his empire Babylonian Empire. 7. Other skills he had was he supervised many building or irrigation projects, improved Babylon's tax collection system, and made laws. 8. Hammurabi's Code is 282 laws that deals with almost everything of daily life. It covered trade, loans, and theft to marriage, injury, and murder. 9. Two reasons why Hammurabi's Code was important because it was detailed and precise, and it was for all the people to see. 10. Babylonian Empire came to an end, it is similar to what happened to the Akkadian Empire because both of the kings died and the empires were invaded.

=
=11. <span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; font-family: Arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;">200. If a man knock out the teeth of his equal, his teeth shall be knocked out.<span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"> This law I already heard from my teacher is a weird law because why is it only teeth? The person who got their teeth knocked out will have no affect for themselves for having that person who knocked their teeth out getting his/her teeth knocked out too. <span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; font-family: Arial; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;">282. If a slave say to his master: "You are not my master," if they convict him his master shall cut off his ear. I disagree with this law because it makes no sense for the slave's ear to get cut off by his master for saying that you are not my master. <span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; font-family: Arial; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;">6. If any one steal the property of a temple or of the court, he shall be put to death, and also the one who receives the stolen thing from him shall be put to death. I agree and disagree with this law that there shall be a punishment for stealing but the punishment should not be to die.

=**__Assignment 2-8<span class="currency_converter_link"> __**= =Characteristics of Civilization= =Civilization Name: Hittites= || Since their empire was very large they must of had a great king taking control. || || The HIttites were great traders || They must of traded lost of things like food. || || They greatly improved the system of laws which they received from the Old Babylonians. || This probably includes writing since they changed the laws and the laws are the most covered literature from the Hittites. || || They adopted people's gods into their religious system. || When they adopt people's gods it becomes their religion. || || ||  || ||  ||  || Was it difficult to find evidence for the culture you picked? Why or why not?
 * Source: Read pages 76 and 77 in your online textbook**
 * Directions:** Review Pages 76-77 and choose one of the groups below. Research the group you have chosen (two links are provided for each already) and complete **The Characteristics of Civilization Chart** for the civilization you have chosen. Write **clear and detailed** answers in the chart, on your wiki page.
 * == Six Characteristics of Civilization == || == Evidence for Characteristic == || == Explanation == ||
 * A system of government that directs and controls some actions of the members of society. || Their empire was very large.
 * A regular food supply that is not likely to change to suddenly change.
 * A highly developed culture including art, architecture, music, literature, science and writing.
 * A religious system, which might include priests and temples.

It was difficult to find evidence for the culture I picked because I didn't get some things and its hard to explain for the explanation. =Assyrians= []

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=Hittites= []

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=Chaldeans= []

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