Assignment+-2

=**__Assignment 2-1__**= Answer the following questions and define the vocabulary (if any) clearly and with details on your wiki page.** **Use the links above from the Class Activity 2-1** **//to// help you answer the questions.**

1. What helped the human population to grow in //Mesopotamia//? 2. What does //cultivate// mean? 3. By 5000 B.C.E. what major problem did the farmers in the Zagros hills have? 4. Using the choices in the critical thinking section of the activity, what is the best way to deal with the food shortage? Why?
 * //Event A: Food Shortage//**

1. What two major problems did farmers have as they tried to grow their crops on the Mesopotamian river //plains//? 2. How did they solve these problems? 3. Where did the melted snow that caused flooding come from?
 * Event B: Uncontrolled Water Supply**

Event A Event B
 * Answers:**
 * 1) The surplus of food helped the population to grow in Mesopotamia.
 * 2) Cultivate means to grow.
 * 3) By 5000 B.C.E the major problem the farmers in the Zagros hills have had was that the farmers did not have enough food to feed all the people as the population grew.
 * 4) I personally thinks the best way is A. Increase the number of times each year that farmers plant their crops. Since the answer is a way that will be regular. For example, stealing from other clans won't work because they might not have any food either or might not give any to you. If you grow your own, then there is no way why you have to rely on others.
 * 1) The two major problems the farmers have had was that the soil on the plains were either rock-hard or had too much water. Another is that the strong wind blew a thick layer of dust.
 * 2) The people solved these problems by having to control the water that came in and out. The people built canals and levees.
 * 3) The melted snow comes from the mountains and since the very top of the mountain's temperature is low, there is snow. By the time it comes down to the rivers, they are melted snow, in other words, which is more water came so there is a flood.

=**__Assignment 2-2__**=
 * Answer the following questions and define the vocabulary (if any) __clearly__ and with __details__ on your wiki page. Use the links above from the In Class Activity 2-1 called //Event C:// //Building and Maintaining a Complex Irrigation System// & //Event D: Attacks by Neighboring Communities// to help you answer the questions.**

1. What was the first simple method farmers used to get water to their fields from the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers? 2. How did farmers prevent flooding? 3. Over time, carrying buckets of water to the fields was too difficult. Please __**clearly**__ explain how levees, canals, dams, and reservoirs were used to make life easier for farmers? 4. Which word means an extra supply of something such as food? 5. What could happen if one canal was clogged? 6. How did different villages take care of the complex irrigation system?
 * Event C: Building and Maintaining a Complex Irrigation System**

1. How did Mesopotamian villages help each other? 2. How were people, who lived very far apart, connected to each other? 3. What did many villages grow into? 4. What do we call the region in Mesopotamia that had many growing cities and towns? What are the people called that come from this region? 5. How could one city stop the water from reaching another city? 6. Why was it easy to attack other cities on the Mesopotamian plains? 7. What defense plan is best to protect a city?
 * Event D: Attacks by Neighboring Communities**

Event C Event D
 * Answers:**
 * 1) The farmers carried water in buckets to get water.
 * 2) The villagers built up natural earth walls called levees.
 * 3) Those things were used to make life easier because it would save a lot of time for people. For example, you would have to keep coming every day to see if the flood damaged the crops. Also those helped people collect water and block it at the same time.
 * 4) Surplus means an extra supply something such as food.
 * 5) The people have to clean the silt out.
 * 6) The villages took care of the complex irrigation system by cooperating with other villagers.
 * 1) Mesopotamian villages helped each other by being dependent on each other.
 * 2) People far apart connected to each other by the irrigation canals that wound through the cities.
 * 3) Villages grew into cities.
 * 4) The region in Mesopotamia that had many growing cities and towns is Sumer and the people that are called from this region are Sumerians.
 * 5) The city would build new canals or block each other cities' canals.
 * 6) It was easy to attack other cities because city members became very loyal to their own city.
 * 7) The best defense plan to protect a city is to set traps and build a wall around the city.

=__Assignment 2-3__= Please read pages 56-59 from your online textbook and answer these questions __**clearly** and in **complete sentences** on your wiki page__.

1. How did the Fertile Crescent get its name? 2. What was the most important factor in making Mesopotamia's farmland fertile? 3. In what ways did a Division of Labor contribute to the growth of Mesopotamiam civilization? 4. How might running large projects like the maintaining a large and complex irrigation system prepare people for running a government?


 * Answers:**
 * 1) Since the land is fertile and is shaped like a croissant.
 * 2) The moat important factor is that the Mesopotamian's rivers brought silt.
 * 3) The Division of Labor contributed the growth of Mesopotamian civilization by the people working the job they are arranged or need to be done.
 * 4) The people can find more ways and easier to let the water come in and out in a right way. The government would need to know that and control it.

=**__Assignment 2-4__  **= Using **The Six Characteristics of a Civilization** (see below)**,** answer the following questions **clearly** and with **details** on your wiki page. = = 1. Is Korea/ the U.S. a civilization according to the six characteristics explained in class? Provide one example from Korea/the U.S. for each characteristic. 2. Does a civilization, in your opinion, need to have all of the characteristics mentioned? Why or why not?

1. A system of government that directs and controls some actions of the members of the society. 2. A regular food supply that is not likely to suddenly change. 3. Specialization of labor, in which members of the society perform different jobs. 4. Different social levels, in which some members of the society are given higher status than others. 5. A highly developed culture including art, architecture, music, literature, science, and writing. 6. A religious system, which might include priests and temples.
 * The Six Characteristics of a Civilization:**

b. The Korean food, rice in particular and maybe some soup. Like kimchi hot soup or soybean paste hot soup. c. There are farmers, business workers and other jobs. d. In business offices, there is the boss and smaller workers, like the servants. e. Wearing han-bok, drawing nature and Chinese writing. f. The fragile paper that people use as widows or doors. 2. I think that to be a civilization, it is not necessary to have all of these characteristics. I think this way because a civilization doesn't have to have different social labors. They could all be egalitarian.
 * Answers:**
 * 1) a. Lee myung bak, the president of Korea makes the decisions of the government.

=**__Assignment 2-5__**= Use your online textbook pages 63 & 64 to answer these questions clearly and with details on your wiki page. Make sure to look through the **whole page** in your textbook and the links for the vocabulary when answering some of the questions.


 * 1) Where did the Akkadians live?
 * 2) What was their relationship with the Sumerians like before the 2300s B.C.E.?
 * 3) Who was Sargon and what did he do?
 * 4) What did Sargon establish?
 * 5) Define 'empire'.
 * 6) Explain two examples why Sargon is considered a great leader.
 * 7) How long did Sargon rule his empire?
 * 8) What eventually happened to the Akkadian Empire?
 * 9) Who eventually became the most powerful civilization in Mesopotamia again?
 * 10) Using the picture of the City-State of Ur, what can you see in the picture that shows Ur was an advanced city?