Ryan

=**Assignment 6-4**=

Do a search for three Minoan and three Mycenaean artifacts and draw them in your notebook. Check the information in wiki 2 for ideas about what to search for (Minoan bull leaping is interesting). Under each picture, write a one-sentence caption describing the artifact and what it tells us about each civilization.

=**Assignment 6-3**= Directions: Read the following information about the Minoans and the Mycenaeans and then answer the questions that follow**in your notebook**.

The Minoans:** Minoan culture developed on the island of Crete in approximately 3,000 B.C.E. Minoan palace murals (wall paintings) and painted pottery show us a great sea culture, fueled by fishing, farming, and local arts. The Minoans were master sailors and set up long-distance trade routes with Spain, Egypt, Canaan, and Asia Minor. Socially, the Minoans were an egalitarian (equal) culture, with both men and women holding respected positions in the fields of religion, agriculture, and craftwork. Recreation enjoyed by the Minoans included dancing to music and song, "bull-leaping" - and boxing, complete with boxing gloves and mouth guards. The remarkable peace-loving character of the Minoan civilization is obvious because they didn't have fortresses, war equipment, and painted battle scenes among the remains of their settlements. The Minoan civilization is historically important to Greece because it was the model for the Mycenaean (pronounced my-sih-NEE-in) civilization which is considered the earliest developed culture on mainland Greece.
 * __The Origins of the Greeks__

Mycenae was settled in 2,700 B.C.E. Most of the myths about ancient Greek heroes and their famous battles come to us from the Mycenaeans. Later Greek poets such as Homer used these tales in their writings. The Mycenaeans spoke an early form of the Greek language, and developed an agricultural economy based on grains, grapes, and olives. Like the Minoans, they traded by sea with Egypt and Asia Minor. Unlike the Minoans, the Mycenaeans devoted most of their energies to developing a strong military. The circular royal tombs of Mycenae reveal collections of decorated uniforms, elaborate helmets, chariots, daggers, and axes. Horses were also extremely important to the Mycenaeans, as they were the vehicles of war. Mycenaean documents suggest that their society was hierarchical, with kings and soldiers in positions of power at the top of society, and prisoners of war who became slaves at the bottom of society who served the kings and soldiers. Other than artwork showing religious festivals and musical performances, very few artifacts of entertainment were left by the Mycenaeans.
 * The Mycenaeans:**

//1. What did the Minoan and the Mycenaean civilizations have in common?// //2. In what ways were the Minoan and the Mycenaean civilizations different?// //3. Why do you think so many aspects of Minoan civilization are found at Mycenae?// //4. What other geographical areas, besides Mycenae, might Minoan civilization have influenced?// //5. What aspects of Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations would you expect to have survived in later periods of Greek history?// //6. Using your **textbook pages 256-257**, explain how the decline of the Minoans and the Mycenaeans was similar.//

= __Answers:__ = 1. The Minoan and the Mycenaean civilizations have spoken the same language, have had a stable food supply, a good economy, strong forces, and lots of music and performances. 2. I think the the Minoan were kind of peaceful and only minded their own business and were strong on economy, but I think that the Mycenaean were not so peaceful not minding in their own business very war like, and just stable with economy. 3. I think that a lot of the aspects of the Minoan civilizations are found at Mycenaean because the Minoan developed a model for the Mycenaean. 4. I think maybe the aboriginals, the Egyptians, the Indians because they are very art like and very peaceful in the ancient times. 5. I think the war, art, and religious beliefs would've survived in the later later periods of Greek History. 6. The decline of the Minoans and the Mycenaeans were similar because they both got tooken over by the same country (Greek) and they were trading and they went into a age called the dark age.

=**Ancient Greece**=

=Assignment 6-1= Label and color a Map of Greece [|GreeceBlankOutlineMap.pdf] with the following locations and physical features (//Create a **Map Key** for symbols you use//). You should include the following: =** Physical Features: **= Island of Crete Island of Thera Island of Rhodes Asia Minor Macedonia Mount Olympus Pindus Mountains = **Cities:** = Knossos, Mycenae, Sparta, Athens, Corinth, Thebes, Delphi, Troy

= Bodies of Water: = Sea of Crete, Mediterranean Sea, Ionian Sea, Adriatic Sea, Aegean Sea, Gulf of Corinth =Atlas or Map Website Resources to Use:= [|Ancient Greece Flash Map] (Zoom in for detail) [|Ancient Greece Flash Map] (Zoom in, but not as detailed) [|AncientGreeceMap.pdf] [|Map of Greece] (Zoom once - Relief & Political Map) [|Google Earth] (Download the FREE software and zoom in for satellite pictures of Greece)

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=__Assignment 4-7__=
 * Source:** Online Textbook pages 162-171


 * Directions:** You are a sage and you will teach your classmates a part of ancient India's history. The four parts (groups) are...
 * Group 1: The Mauryan Empire (page 162-163, 166)
 * Group 2: The Gupta Empire (page 164-165)
 * Group 3: Indian Achievements- Religious Art & Sanskrit Literature (page 167-169)
 * Group 4: Indian Achievements- Scientific Advances (page 170-171)

Each part has (or might have) pictures, illustrations, maps, dates, vocabulary words, and important people. Your job as a sage is to become an expert on your part so you will be able to comfortably and confidently teach others. Remember that if you don't understand the information, you won't be able to teach others properly. Follow these steps to become a great sage:

__**Steps**__
 * 1) Read all the information on the pages you are responsible for. Don't just read the main parts, look at the other information such as maps or diagrams or pictures.
 * 2) Take notes in your notebook and answer the **//Reading Check//** question after each section to make sure you understand the information. You also have to answer the questions about your section from **page 176** (section 4 or 5).
 * 3) Decide how you are going to present the information to your students. Will you just talk about the information (this can be boring) or will you use visuals or give a slideshow presentation (this can be more interesting)? Remember that your students have not read the information and are counting on you to teach them in an interesting and educational way.
 * 4) How will you check if your students understood the information? Will you make up questions to ask them? What else will you do? Will you ask your students to create something that shows their understanding? Think about how you are taught at school and the activities you do in your classes.

=__Answers:__=

= =

=** __Assignment 4-4__ **= 1. What varna were you in during the caste system simulation? 2. What was your favorite part about the caste system simulation? Why? 3. What part of the simulation made you angry, upset, or frustrated? Why? 4. Do you think this system is fair? Why or why not? 5. Do you think a society should organize people into social classes? Why or Why not?
 * Answer the following questions clearly and with details on your wiki page.**

=__Answers__= 1. I was in the slaves during the caste system simulation. 2. My favorite part about the caste system simulation was that I was able to just sit around because no one ever asked me anything to do. 3. The whole thing made me angry because we were judged too much, also the upper class did not give me any mercy. 4. I don't think the system is fair because you cannot have a job judged on their birth. 5. No, I don't think they should organize people into social classes, actually maybe not if they make the lost-warriors slaves and the smart and strong people the higher rank and not according on their birth, it would be fine.

Think about the activity we did in class as archeologists in Mohenjo-Daro. Using the source above, your ideas, and the notes you took about archeologists ideas, answer the following questions __clearly__ and __completely__ on your wiki page. **Each answer should be at least two sentences long with specific information.**
 * __Assignment 4-3__ **
 * Source:** [[image:http://c1.wikicdn.com/i/mime/32/application/pdf.png width="32" height="32" caption="external image pdf.png" link="http://kis6ss.wikispaces.com/file/view/Archeologists+Ideas+Mohenjo-Daro.pdf"]] [|Archeologists Ideas Mohenjo-Daro.pdf]

1. What have you learned about daily life in Mohenjo-Daro from this activity? 2. Which characteristics of civilization do you see represented in the artifacts you looked at? Explain. 3. In what ways do you think Mohenjo-Daro was like a modern city? 4. Why do you think it is difficult for us to know exactly what life was like in ancient civilizations like those in the Indus-Sarasvati region? 5. What do you think might have contributed to the decline of Mohenjo-Daro?

Answers:)

1. I learned that Mohenjo-Daro was a busy city it isn't that different from the modern city except there is no advanced technology, there is bigger houses for the more fortunate and there is a public bath and a sewer. 2. I think the characteristics of civilization I see would be for the public bath I would see it as religious and or and an artifact. I think the seals would fit in the religious part too. 3. I think Mohenjo-Daro was like a modern city because there were public baths, religion, sewers, and houses. 4. I think that it is very difficult because the Indus river much like the Nile River can over-flow, and also there are winds. 5. I think that something that might have made the Mohenjo-Daro decline because there wasn't anything that special from the other cities also, there weren't many temples I believe.

** Website: [|Indus Valley] Use the website above to answer these questions. Write your answers in **complete sentences** with **clear details** on your wiki page. 1. What was discovered during the excavations of Mohenjo-Daro? 2. How is Mohenjo-Daro similar to our cities today? 3. What can we learn from archaeological discoveries (such as artifacts and city construction) in Mohenjo-Daro? 4. Give clear and specific information about how people lived in Mohenjo-Daro. In your answer, you have to talk about the artifacts that you discovered and put into the museum. 5. What do we know about the Priest-King? 6. What was the Great Bath and how was it used?
 * __Assignment 4-2__

1. During the excavaations of Mohenjo-Daro I found a 4000 thousand foot long wall protecting Mohenjo-Daro, bricks, Houses, wells, drains, necklaces, an impression on a clay, a model cart, weighing tools and finally a figurine. 2. Well, we can relate the Houses, and drains. There are some houses made with bricks still. 3. All wastes and un-needed things were "flushed" down the drains, and the houses were made for people to live in. 4. I think that people lived here by just building, farming, protecting and trading. I found necklaces, an impression on a clay, a model cart, weighing tools and a figurine. So I think people had kings and were worshipping them. 5. We know that he might've been the leader and the communicator between god and humans, and so that they have luxurious items. 6. The Great Bath was where every took a bath and washed off all guilt.

**Source: [|IndiaSubcontinentMapTrans.jpg]**
 * __Assignment 4-1__ **


 * Directions: Look at the map above, read the text below, and answer the following questions on your wiki page:**

Early Indian agricultural settlements arose in the Indus-Sarasvati river region at least as far back as 6500 B.C.E. Like many other ancient peoples, the early Indians settled by rivers. They settled primarily on the banks of the Sarasvati River as well as along the banks of the Indus River. These rivers provided the ancient Indians with plenty of water, and the land near the rivers was fertile and excellent for growing crops. The rivers also provided the Indians with a convenient way to travel and trade among themselves and with other civilizations. Archeologists have found artifacts from the Indus-Sarasvati civilization - such as carved seals - in Mesopotamia's Sumer. These discoveries have led scholars to believe that the early Indians traded with Mesopotamia, possibly by traveling in ships down the Indus and Sarasvati rivers to the Arabian Sea and then west to Sumer and other locations. After the Sarasvati River dried up around 1900 B.C.E., the Indus-Sarasvati Indians moved to more habitable areas, such as the fertile banks of the Ganga river further east. Archeological evidence shows, however, that people settled by the Ganga River as far back as 5000 B.C.E.
 * I**n the 1990's, satellite pictures revealed an ancient, dried riverbed located in India's present-day Thar Desert. Geologists have identified this riverbed as the route of the ancient **Sarasvati River**. The Sarasvati lay east of the Indus River and generally followed the same course, originating in the Himalaya mountains and emptying into the Arabian Sea. Geologists believe that the Sarasvati River dried up around 1900 B.C.E. Over time, the once fertile area around the Sarasvati River dried up around 1900 B.C.E. Over time, the once fertile area around the Sarasvati evolved into the dry, hot desert that exists today.

1. In what ways is your map similar to the one that you see in the map above?
 * Questions:**

2. What physiographic features can you identify on this map that are not on your map?

3. Why do you think settlements developed along the Indus and Sarasvati rivers? Explain with clear and complete details.

4. Accurately draw and label the ancient Sarasvati River on your map.

5. Why did ancient Indian people eventually migrate to the Ganga River? Answers:)

1. That is because we also have the Thar Desert, Bay of Bengal, Himalaya Mountains, Hindu Kush Mountains, Arabian Sea, Eastern and Western Ghats.

2. What you cannot identify is where the exact things are.

3. I think settlements developed along the Indus and Sarsvati Rivers because they are beside Rivers and so it would be easy to farm and it is away from the Himalaya Mountains.

5. That is because the land is more fertile near the Ganga River.

**1. What have you learned about daily life in Mohenjo-Daro from this activity?**
 * 2. Which aspects of daily life do you see represented in the picture that the artist drew?**
 * 3. In what ways do you think Mohenjo-Daro was like a modern city?**
 * 4. Why do you think it is difficult for us to know exactly what life was like in ancient civilizations like those in the Indus-Sarasvati region?**
 * 5. What do you think might have contributed to the decline of Mohenjo-Daro?**

1. I learned that there were guards to make sure that the farmers do what they need to do. 2. I think the market was represented in the picture that the artist drew. 3. I think Mohenjo-Daro is like a modern city because there is a market and people work there to get a payment, ship food and etc. 4. I think it is difficult for us to know exactly what life was like in ancient civilizations in the Indus-Sarasvati region because there were lots of shipping so not many proof left in that city. 5. I think maybe that the cities were kind of dull, like in Egypt you can see colourful streets. But in India you can see not that many people, mostly men and 3 guards, not really eye-catching.

=__Assignment 3-8__= Now that we are finished with the ancient Egypt unit, I would like you to reflect on what you have learned about ancient Egypt. Please complete these sentences **clearly and with specific details**. Write the answers on your wiki page. If you need reminders of what we did, just scroll through the assignments on this page or look through your notes.

1. The single most important thing I learned was...

2. Something that confused me or that I didn't understand was...

3. What surprised me the most was...

4. I would like to know more about...

5. The part that I think I will always remember was...

=__Answers:__= 1. That pharaohs were the god on Earth, or so the Egyptians thought. 2. Why Egyptians pray so much, I'm understanding they are religious, but why they believed in SO many gods. 3. What surprised me the most is that Egypt was like America, in the ancient times. 4. I would like to know more about Ramses II, and what his background story is. 5. The part I think I will always remember is that Ramses II took 20,000 men in to a battle with 40,000 men and won that battle.

=__Assignment 3-5__= Read the information here about the three kingdoms in ancient Egypt. The problem with these three paragraphs is that each paragraph does not have specific details or evidence. Your task is to find specific details and evidence from our textbook for the information presented in each paragraph about each kingdom. Then re-write the paragraph adding the new specific details and evidence you found. Write the new paragraph on your wiki page. 4=outstanding work, detailed, correct and above the call of duty 3=very good work, completes assignment, is above average 2=completes assignment correctly, average work 1=does not complete assignment, needs work 0=does not follow directions, assignment missing The Old Kingdom (2700 BCE - 2200 BCE) Specific details and evidence about this kingdom can be found on pages 98-100 in our textbook. Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...**
 * __Part 1__
 * Pyramids (definition, examples, construction details)
 * Workers
 * Importance of the pyramids

Specific details and evidence about this kingdom can be found on pages 101-102 in our textbook. Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...**
 * __Part 2__**
 * The Middle Kingdom (2100 BCE - 1800 BCE)
 * the difference with the Old Kingdom
 * what life was like during this time
 * wars or battles and who was involved

**Specific details and evidence about this kingdom can be found on pages 101-103 in our textbook. Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...**
=__Answers:__=
 * the causes of the growth of trade
 * what life was like in an empire
 * wars or battles (invasions) and who was involved

Part 1:
The biggest Pyramids that are still standing, and the ones that fallen were built in the Old Kingdom, the biggest and most well-known pyramid is called the "Pyramid of Khufu." which was built near the town Giza. It took over two million limestone blocks and it took thousands of workers, 13 acres at the base and 481 feet high. The pyramids were built with limestone, the limestone was brought by boat near the pyramid, and the slaves/workers would take the limestone to the pyramid by dragging them with wooden sleds (look at the end for further information), sphinx, a statue made to protect the pyramid of Khafe's tomb (maybe more). Rocks were used to seal the tomb. Usually the pyramids were not smooth-sided but at 2700 B.C.E. there were starting to become smooth-sided pyramids so that worker(s) (around 100,000) was used to build a single pyramid. The government kept record of peasants and their process and paid them. But the payment was not always money, it was goods such as grains. (--The End--) Scholars debated on how the workers moved the huge rocks in the entrance, (some) believe that when the Nile flooded they floated it there, (most) believe that ramps and strong sleds and people drag them. Egypt did not like wars and/or battles, and because they didn't one of the pharaoh's job was to prevent wars from happening. Remes III, was a great leader in war, he gathered 20,000 men and went to (or defended) the Hitties when Hitties had 40,000 men. He lead his army well and held off the Hitties, the boundaries of Egypt was increased because of him. =__//**3**//__=

Part 2: The difference with the Old Kingdom was that pyramids were not built anymore (not as much) pyramids because pharaohs couldn't collect enough money (taxes) and taking care and making pyramids took too much money. The nobles became greedy and took over parts of the pharaoh's power over, soon the government became out of order, the nobles and the pharaoh basically had the same amount of power as the nobles. Life was, un-usual, with the nobles and pharaoh's sharing the equal amount of power. There was a Queen for a first time (with more power, like a girl as a pharaoh) she called her self a king and put on a fake mustache. A powerful pharaoh took Egypt back into order. But as he died, around 1750 B.C.E. the Hyksos (South Asians) who had advanced weapons, horses, and chariots were able to take over Lower Egypt. The Hyksos became the pharaohs of the region for around 200 years. But as Ahmose declared himself king around the 1500 B.C.E. and drove the Hyksos out of Egypt and ruled all of Egypt. =3= Part 3: The trade grew because, Queen Hatshepsut. She sent Egyptian traders all over the place such as: kingdom in Punt on Red sea, Asia Minor and Greece. She used the money to support architecture and art. There were many wars and battles that were fought by the Egyptians. There is one specific battle that doesn't leave my mind. The great battle(s) led by Ramses II fought the Hittites. The Hittites had twice the men Egyptians had. To be more exact the Egyptians had 20,000 men, and the Hittites had 40,000. The amazing thing is that both of them could not win each other. That was not it, a group of people in the west called Tehenu tried to invade the Nile Delta, of course Ramses held them off, better yet won them. Knowing they would attack again he built strong defenses there. The Tehenu's attacked once again, and trying to invade Egypt but due to the fortresses, they failed once again. Later on a group of people called the Sea People, attacked Egypt, they fought for 50 years and the Egypt was able to send the Sea People back, Egypt was safe but their empire in Asia was gone.

= =

=**__Assignment 3-4__**=
 * Part 1:** Go to this [|site] and read about the different Egyptian gods and goddesses . Choose one of these that you would like to be and explain why you would like to be that god or goddess . Then choose one that you would __**not**__ want to be and explain why. Make sure your explanations are **middle school quality explanations**.
 * Part 2:** Compare these Egyptian gods and goddesses with the [|Mesopotamian gods and goddesses]. Did you find similar gods? Name the gods/goddesses and clearly explain the similarities? Why do you think they are similar even though Egypt and the Mesopotamian civilizations were different?

=__Answers:__=

Part 1:
I would like to be Atum because he was the first god, and made other gods which means he is the elder, and has more experience about how to protect their worshippers. He had problems with dealing with all their problems, so he made other gods to help him protect Egypt. I would not like to be Anubis because gods should be immortal. But Anubis is dead, in a way because he was killed by Seth. That means he is a dead but alive god. I would only like to be an alive god. Also Anubis does not have his own responsibility, he only supported Osiris to look over the dead people and help Osiris to make sure that all the people who pass all 10 gates have a immortal life after-words.

Part 2:
There are many Egyptian gods and goddesses, but there aren't many Mesopotamian gods and goddesses a lot of the gods and goddesses are animals, or unknown figures. Egyptian gods and goddesses are animals mixed with humans, which makes more sense. In Mesopotamia there are many demon-looking gods that actual help the people in Mesopotamia. In Egypt there aren't many gods that look like a demon and are actually nice. In Mesopotamia there is a god (The Bull of Heaven) that is controlled by another god (Anu). There is a tale that the Bull of Heaven comes out in, called "Gilgamesh the Great" and Enkidu and Gilgamesh are two big guys who are good friends. Ishtar gets upset because Gigamesh talked of only the truth. She asks her dad to release the Bull of Heaven or she will make the dead come back alive, and once they become hungry they will eat the people alive. But Enkidu and Gilgamesh to defeat him, but then Enkidu soon passes away because the gods decide to kill one of them, which was Enkidu. They had sun gods, and if something happened to the sun god then they believed that the Earth will end. Mesopotamia believed in several gods. Egyptians, sure believed in more gods than the Mesopotamian gods but still they had a lot of gods at least. = =

__**Assignment 3-3**__
 * Source:** How to Mummify Nefermaat
 * Directions:** Go to the link above to mummify a body. As you work to mummify the body, answer the following questions __**clearly and with details**__ on your wiki page.
 * 1) Why did Egyptians want to [|preserve] dead bodies?
 * 2) How did they [|preserve] bodies? What is this process of preservation called?
 * 3) Explain how the brain was removed from the dead body. Why was the brain removed?
 * 4) Name the four internal organs that were removed from the body. What was done with these organs?
 * 5) What did they do with the heart? Why?
 * 6) What is natron and why was it used? Using your scribble map of Egypt, name the area where natron came from.
 * 7) How was [|linen] used during mummification?
 * 8) What are [|amulets] and how were they used? Give two examples of amulets that were used and explain why they were used.
 * 9) What happens to the body after it was mummified?

=__Answer:__=
 * 1) They wanted to preserve dead bodies because so that the soul could recognize the body.
 * 2) They preserved bodies (and this was called) dead for eternity
 * 3) They took a metal hook and shoved it down the person's nose to take apart the brain. Then took that metal hook and pulled parts of the brains out from the nose. They did not think it was very important.
 * 4) The intestines, stomach, liver, and lungs were taken out and put in jars the lid were the heads of gods who are: Qebehsenuef, Duamutef, Imsety, and Hapy. They each looked after one internal organ. (Qebehsenuef = intestines; Duamutef = Stomach; Imsety = Liver; Hapy = Lungs.)
 * 5) They kept the heart inside because they believed the heart was the center of intelligence, emotions, and feelings. As we believe what the brain does, but they thought the brain did nothing and the heart was more important.
 * 6) Natron is a bag of salt that collects moisture from the body. Dry Lake beds in the Nile river.
 * 7) Linen was used to stuff the body after all the moisture had been sucked out of the body. Also it was to wrap the body.
 * 8) Amulets were used to protect the body, a symbol, etc in a way, such as the 'Heart Amulet' the 'Heart Amulet' was placed over the heart to protect the heart in the after-life. There is also the Djed Pillar was a symbol of stability also the God Osiris it was placed in the neck area.
 * 9) The body that is mummified is put in a mummy case, and then the mummy case is placed in the sarcophagus, 'Eyes of Horus' is placed on a side of a coffin and which it will let the body to look through the coffin for all eternity.

= =

=__Assignment 3-2__=
 * Source: Pages 93 & 94 in your online textbook and refer to your river boat tour notes**
 * Directions: Answer the following questions clearly and with details on your wiki page.**

1. Read the //If YOU were there section//. How do you feel about working for the pharaoh? 2. Eventually the Third Dynasty began in ancient Egypt. The Third Dynasty was the beginning of what historians call ............. . When did it start and end? 3. Explain how ancient Egyptians felt about their country and their pharaoh. 4. What were the responsibilities of the pharaoh? 5. What is best known about the famous pharaoh, Khufu? Can you name a specific monument built for him? 6.a Clearly explain the structure of society in the Old Kingdom. (Note: This should be a long answer.) 6.b. What may be some advantages and disadvantages of such a large segment of the population being farmers, servants, and slaves? 6.c. What did farmers do during flood season? 7. Clearly explain trading in ancient Egypt (what was traded and who they traded with). 8. Define the word //**acquire**//. Use //**acquire**// in an original sentence. 9. Using the drawing of Egyptian society on page 94, explain where Viziers would be placed?

=__Answer:__= b. The advantage of having lots of farmers, servants, and slaves are that they do most of the work for the country, they farm and make food, servants they serve the higher class people, and slaves could be used for anything. The disadvantage is because that means there aren't many "special" people. c. During flood season they couldn't do anything on the field so they worked on the project for the pharaoh. 7. The trading in ancient Egypt was fairly well run, they usually traded with Syria and they traded gold, copper, ivory, slaves, ad stones for buildings. 8. Acquire, to get. I was acquired to get a pencil in order to take a test. 9. They would fit in the Nobles section, because they help run the government.
 * 1) To be frank, I do not feel good working for the pharaoh, because of course he is giving me shelter in his country and etc. But he is doing nothing, he was just born, and he just became a walking god. It does feel good to be working for the pharaoh at the same time, because not many people get to work for him, for his after life.
 * 2) As the Third Dynasty began in ancient Egypt, historians call the Third Dynasty "Old Kingdom." The Old Kingdom lasted from 2700 B.C.E. 'till 2200 B.C.E.
 * 3) Egyptians felt like their pharaoh came for the rest of the gods to come and organize Egypt. And the pharaoh was the god that walked, talked, breathes, and etc.
 * 4) The responsibilities of the pharaoh was to make trade profitable, prevent wars, and make sure the crops grew well.
 * 5) Khufu was famous because he was known to be cruel, but his people were still well fed. I cannot name a specific monument built for him because it is not mentioned in the textbook. I have never learned Egypt officially.
 * 6) a. The most respected and known person was the pharaoh, the walking, breathing, and dyeing god. He was looked up to. He was supposed to be selected and sent down my the gods to take care of Egypt, while they can look after other things. The gods all have different responsibilities, the pharaoh's responsibility is to prevent wars, make sure the crops grow well, and make trade profitable.

=__**Assignment 1**__=


 * Sources:**
 * **Carefully read your online textbook pages 88 and 89.** **(Note: Make sure you scroll down on page 89 to see more information.)**
 * **Use the map above, the maps in the //Egypt Resources// wiki page, or your Scribble Map search function**


 * Directions:**
 * **Your task is to label a map of the Nile River and ancient Egypt on your current Scribble Map. You must mark, label, or represent famous sites, cities, and other objects. //Label everything carefully//.** (Note: //Mark// means use a marker, //label// means use a text label, //represent// means draw a symbol to show the item.)
 * **You must also provide an image and a description for some of the labels. Each description must be at least three sentences long and must be clear, detailed, and specific. Your description should give us clear information to help us understand the item or place and why it was so important for ancient Egyptians.**

1. Represent and label the Nile’s Sixth Cataract to the First Cataract.

2. Label the Red Sea.

3. Represent three mines and three quarries. **Provide an image and a description for each mine and quarry.**

4. Represent and label these historic sites: the Valley of the Kings, the Great Pyramid of Khufu, the Sphinx, Abu Simbel, the Pharos (lighthouse in the port of Alexandria), the Bahriya Oasis and the Farafra oasis (include palm trees). **Provide an image and a description for each historic site.**

5. Mark these cities: Abydos, Thebes, Giza, Hermopolis, Memphis, Bubastis, Rosetta, Alexandria, Meroe, Khartoum, and Elephantine

6. Label these geographical features: the Western Desert, the Eastern Desert, the Nile Delta (include animals found here), the Sinai Peninsula, the Wadi el-Natrun, the Mediterranean Sea, the Gulf of Suez, the Nubian Desert. Include animals of the desert. **Provide an image and a description for each geographical feature.**

7. Label Lower Egypt and Upper Egypt.

media type="file" key="Social Studies SumerianAchievment Comic Life Ryan K.mov" width="300" height="300"

=__Assignment 1 __= Using your notes **and** page 4 from your online textbook, answer the following questions **on your wiki page**. 1. Were you born in a BCE year or an CE year? 2. Put the following dates in order: AD 2000, 3100 BC, 15 BCE, AD 476, AD 3, CE 1215 3. If you read that an event happened c. AD 1000, what would that mean? Type in the content of your page here.

Answer:

1. I was born in a CE year. 2. 3100 BC, 15 BCE, AD 476, CE 1215, AD 2000 3. That would mean not exactly 1000 AD but around that period of time.

=Assignment 2= Just like the questions you were asked in class, please create five questions about the timeline we used in class. Click here -> [|Timeline of Human History.pdf] to see a copy of the timeline. Write your questions **and the answers** on your wiki page.

Answer:

1. How many decades are in between the colour T.V. being invented and the telephone being invented? 2. Which decade was it when the coloured T.V. was invented? 3. Was the cave paintings invented in France B.C.E or C.E.? 4. Were castles built c. 1000 C.E. or exactly 1000 C.E. 5. When was the last ice age?

Answers of my questions:

1. 7 decades and 4 yrs or about 7 decades 2. the fifties 3. B.C.E. 4. exaclty 1000 C.E. 5. 18, 000 B.C.E.

=__Assignment 3__= Note you will have 3 class periods to prepare your plays. See Resources-1 Answer the following questions on your wiki page. 1. What were your roles in the 'Creation of a Puppet Show' project? 2. What Problems did your group run into? 3. How did your group deal with these problems? 4. Identify two similarities between all of the origin stories. 5. Compare and Contrast any of the two origin stories presented in class (at least one paragraph).
 * Human Origins-The Puppet Play Project** **Response**

Answers
1. My role of the puppet show was the narrator and the script manager

2. We ran out of material.

3. We just met up later at our houses.

4. The two similarity between all the origin story was that the god who made it was the king of gods. b) They made all had something that we have right now EX 1) Mesopotamia's origin states that we were made to live not long enough to face the gods. EX 2) Chinese origin states that the ones made by the god were rich and lucky, but the one's made out of spinning the rope were poor and unlucky. EX 3) Greek origin says that we were only given fire, because the animals were given all the powers. (fire as in what to do with fire, and how to make fire). EX 4) Egypt's origin tells us that while the eye of the god was searching for his only children, he made a new eye called the golden eye, and when he cried of joy things were made, and that would be us.

5. The Egypt and the Chinese origin story were very similar in a way. That is because they were both lonely and one of them made humans right away and other made children and when he saw them he cried and made humans. Also they had to create something to make us. The difference between Egypt and China was that, the Chinese god made them on purpose. But the Egypt god made humans by an accident. Also the Chinese culture states why life is so unfair. But the Egypt one does not. Very good observations!

=**__Assignment 4__**= Please read pages 29 & 30 from your online textbook and answer these questions __**clearly** and in **complete sentences** on your wiki page__.

1. On which continent were Lucy and other hominids found? 2. What is the scientific name of Lucy? 3. How long ago did Lucy live? 4. What was an important step in human development? 5. Describe and explain how these hominids are different from each other. Use the charts about the hominids on page 30 to help you with the answer. Make sure your answer is **clear and detailed.**
 * Australopithecus
 * Homo habilis
 * Homo erectus
 * Homo sapiens

6. Which hominid are you?

Answers:
1. Lucy and other hominids were found in the continent of Africa.

2. The scientific name of Lucy was Australopithecus.

3. The oldest Lucy is believed to have lived 4.4 million years ago!!

4. The important step in human development is that we can walk with two feet.

5. An Australopithecus are Lucy they are the oldest Homogenized on Earth that is thought to have walked.. A Homo habilis is also know as the handy man. A Homo erectus is thought to have walked straight up like humans do. a Homo sapiens is thought to have knowledge to control fire and use fire. They are different because they all have different abilities.

6. I think I am a Homo Sapiens. You are Homo sapiens.

6. (Correct Version) I know I am a homo sapiens

=__Assignment 5__= Read pages 32-34 from your online textbook and answer these questions __**clearly** and in **complete sentences** on your wiki page__.
 * 1) Why do historians need archaeologists and anthropologists to study **prehistory**?
 * 2) What might have been one advantage of walking completely upright?
 * 3) What kind of **tools** did people use during the **Paleolithic Era**?
 * 4) Design a stone and wood tool you could use to help you with your chores. Describe your tool in a sentence or two.
 * 5) What is a **hunter-gatherer**?
 * 6) In your opinion, what was the most important change brought by the development of language?
 * 7) Define the boldfaced words above.

Answers:
1. To find out the tools the people used in the past, how they hunt, which gender did what, they used what to make what, and etc. And archaeologists and anthropologists can find these tools.

2. It might have been that we could use our arms for something else

3. During the Paleolithic Era people used spears to hunt and skins to wear, and bones to make accessory and other tools to hunt or paint or collect weed and etc.

4. A robot that can be programmed to do anything. DESCRIPTION: You'd make this out of stone and wood?
 * Has two legs that can flex up and down 3000 times a second
 * Has a top tech. GPS built in to its brain
 * Beneath the feet their are several wheels
 * Built in eyes that can see where it is going
 * has a master computer which I can see what it is seeing and control it with my computer
 * has the ability to defend himself
 * has four arms
 * has missile turrets in his back
 * has 100, 000 won in his built in "pouch" that he has in his stomach

5. A hunter-gather were older people than us and they hunted and gathered food.

6. In my point of view the biggest development of language is that the now we use our languages to talk and maybe to make friends, relationship, an argument, and etc.

7.

**HUNTER-GATHERER:**
D:) Are "old" people that hunt and gather for food.

**TOOLS:**
D:) Are things that people use to to certain things

PALEOLITHIC ERA

D:) Paleolithic Era is the oldest period of the stone age

PREHISTORY

D:) Prehistory is something that historians look at from bones and other things a long time ago.

=__Assignment 6__= Use your online textbook (p. 40 & p. 41) to answer these questions __**clearly**__ and __**completely**__. Please put your answers on your wiki page.

1. Read the paragraph in the //Beginnings of Agriculture// section on p.40 and answer the question (How could this discovery change your life?).

Read //The First Farmers// and //Plants// section on p.41 and answer these questions: 2. What is another name for the New Stone Age? 3. What kinds of tools did people make during this time? What do you think they used these tools for? 4. In the textbook it says that people during the Neolithic period could now __**make**__ fire. Which hominid would this be? 5. When we changed from gathering food to growing food, historians called it the Neolithic Revolution. Why do you think it's called a revolution? 6. What is the definition for the word 'domestication'? 7. Using the map on p.41, which animals were domesticated in Asia? 8. Using the map on p.41, where was corn first domesticated? 9. If you were a farmer, how would your life be different than a hunter and gatherer. Give three ways your life would be different.

__Answers:__
1. This discovery could change my life by not moving around and going where the food it and settle down in one place where I could stay for a longer time instead of moving a ll the time. 2. Another name for the New Stone Age is Neolithic. 3. People made these kind of tools: saws, drills, and tools out of metal. I think they used it for these reasons: to cut things, to scrape things off, to drill things, to kill things, and to fight. 4. This hominid would be the Homo erectus. 5. I think it is called a revolution because be improved as it effected our daily life also since we //evolved//. 6.The definition for domesticated is the process of animals and plant being changed. 7. The following animals were domesticated in Asia:horse, cattle, sheep, and goat. 8. The first corn was first domesticated in Maize, North America. 9. I would be different from a hunter-gather because number one: I would settle down and stay in a sturdy house. Number Two: I wouldn't depend on the resources around me for food. Number Three: I would make my own food.

= =

=__Assignment 7__= Write 3 good test questions covering any of the topics we have studied so far.

Answer these questions **clearly** and **completely** on your wiki page.

1. What was the main difference between life in the Paleolithic period and life in the Neolithic period? 2. How did people's lives change as they began to domesticate plants and animals during the Neolithic period? 3. What are some advantages and disadvantages of the changes in daily life that occurred as a result of the development of agriculture?

Questions:
a. What is a Homo sapiens?? b. When did people start making there own food and share jobs? c. What is the official name of a black volcanic glass?

1. The main difference between the Paleolithic period and the Neolithic period is that during the Paleolithic Period they moved to where the food was. But during the Neolithic Period they settled down and made their own food. 2. They started to change as they domesticated plants and animals because their responsibilities shrunk as the animals pulled the loads and the animals gave off wool and etc. 3. The advantage of agriculture is that you do not have to depend on the food around you since you are the one making it. But if the city was under attack you would have to leave all your food behind also when one thing goes wrong you will not have a very "fine" lunch, breakfast, or dinner.

= = = = =__STUDY GUIDE__=

==Copy and paste this study guide onto your wiki page and begin to assembly your study guide. When you are done come back to this page and fill in the guide here. dont delete others work but add to it where appropriate.== =__**Hominids and their Characteristics**__=
 * Homo Sapiens = Homo Sapiens could control fire, make fire, and use fire.
 * Homo Erectus = Homo Erectus walked up-straight.
 * Homo Habilis = Homo Habilis are the "handy man."
 * Australopithecus = Are the oldest hominids on Earth that is thought to have walked

=__**Aspects of Daily life effects notes**__= = = =FOOD SUPPLY:=

PALEOLITHIC: They did depend on resources near them, but they made their own food, and because of that
=RESOURCES:=

PALEOLITHIC:
=POPULATION/ SETTLEMENT:=

PALEOLITHIC:
=OCCUPATION:=

PALEOLITHIC:
=SHELTER:=

PALEOLITHIC:
=TECHNOLOGY:=

PALEOLITHIC:
=__**Vocabulary**__= type here

=__**Other notes**__= type here

=__Assignment 8__= Use these two videos about Catal Huyuk to answer these questions __**clearly**__ and __**completely**__ on your wiki page. 1. What are three things about daily life in Catal Huyuk that surprised you? Why did they surprise you? 2. What are three things about daily life in Catal Huyuk you knew already from class? 3. Jookie is a 12 year old living in Catal Huyuk. __**Explain**__ three ways her life is different than yours. (Note: Simply saying you have cell phones and she doesn't is an unacceptable answer.)
 * Catal Huyuk video 1
 * Catal Huyuk video 2

=__Answers:__=

1. The three things that surprised me about the daily life in Catal Huyuk are that they did surgery with a stone rock and ripped open their skull and the person could survive. The second thing is is that the daughter didn't get to choose who they wanted to marry and that their father's decision could easily change according to the gifts they gave. The final thing that surprised me was that the people traded things even though they lived in the same village or tribe. 2. Three things I knew about Catal Huyuk's daily life was that they did surgery with a rock and the person awake, they built mud-brick houses, and that they lived altogether in one village. 3. The first reason why her life is different than mine is because she never goes to school and I do. The second reason is that she worked but I do not work. The last reason is that she does not have a choice in marriage, but later on I can choose my wife, or I can be a bachelor.

=__Assignment 9__= Now that we are finished with the Early Humans unit, I would like you to reflect on what you have learned about Early Humans. Please complete these sentences clearly and with specific details. Write the answers on your wiki page.

1. The single most important thing I learned was that there were a lot of evolution between now and the Paleolithic period.

2. Something that confused me or that I didn't understand was why they didn't let people choose who they can marry.

3. What surprised me the most was that they did surgery on the people with a rock.

4. I would like to know more about is why they did surgery on people with a rock.

5. The part that I think I will always remember was that people did surgery on people with a rock.

=**__Assignment 2-1__**=


 * Answer the following questions and define the vocabulary (if any) clearly and with details on your wiki page.** **Use the links above from the Class Activity** **//to// help you answer the questions.**

1. What helped the human population to grow in //Mesopotamia//? 2. What does //cultivate// mean? 3. By 5000 B.C.E. what major problem did the farmers in the Zagros hills have? 4. Using the choices in the critical thinking section of the activity, what is the best way to deal with the food shortage? Why?
 * //Event A: Food Shortage//**

1. What two major problems did farmers have as they tried to grow their crops on the Mesopotamian river //plains//? 2. How did they solve these problems? 3. Where did the melted snow that caused flooding come from?
 * Event B: Uncontrolled Water Supply**

=__Answers:__=

Event A: Food Shortage
1. People settled down at one place made their own food with seeds they had collected and made more babies so the population grew. 2. Cultivate means to grow. 3. The major problem for farmers on Zagros Hills in 5000 B.C.E. is that they ran out of space on their land and soon ran out of food to feed their people. 4. I think the best way to deal with the food shortage is A the reason is because if they increased the food supply they could always dig their way from the river to the crops so the crops can grow. Then they wouldn't have a problem with food shortage.

Event B: Uncontrolled Water Supply
1. The first major problem farmers near the Mesopotamian river plains was that the river flooded at unpredictable times. The second major problem was that the land was dry most of the year. 2. They solved these problems by trying to control the water. The flood first would soften the soil but then the same month they planted things a great flood would come and wash it away. 3. The melted snow that caused the flooding came from the mountains.

=__**Assignment 2-2**__=


 * Answer the following questions and define the vocabulary (if any) __clearly__ and with __details__ on your wiki page. Use the links above from the In Class Activity 2-1 called //Event C:// //Building and Maintaining a Complex Irrigation System// & //Event D: Attacks by Neighboring Communities// to help you answer the questions.**

1. What was the first simple method farmers used to get water to their fields from the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers? 2. How did farmers prevent flooding? 3. Over time, carrying buckets of water to the fields was too difficult. Please __**clearly**__ explain how levees, canals, dams, and reservoirs were used to make life easier for farmers? 4. Which word means an extra supply of something such as food? 5. What could happen if one canal was clogged? 6. How did different villages take care of the complex irrigation system?
 * Event C: Building and Maintaining a Complex Irrigation System**

1. How did Mesopotamian villages help each other? 2. How were people, who lived very far apart, connected to each other? 3. What did many villages grow into? 4. What do we call the region in Mesopotamia that had many growing cities and towns? What are the people called that come from this region? 5. How could one city stop the water from reaching another city? 6. Why was it easy to attack other cities on the Mesopotamian plains? 7. What defense plan is best to protect a city?
 * Event D: Attacks by Neighboring Communities**

=__Answers:__= 1. They went to the rivers to get the water, scooped it up and took it back to their farms. 2. They used levees, canals, dames, reservoirs to store, move, and slowly move the water from the river. 3. Levees stored water, canals made sure the river did not overflow, and dams helped only little water get through. 4. Surplus 5. If one of the canals were clogged then you would end up with mud in your canal which lead to another tribe and then that tribe could get mad at your tribe and then their could be a big fight afterward. 6. They took care of the complex irrigation system by helping each other out with the water.
 * Event C: Buliding and Maintaining a Complex Irrigation System**

1. They worked together by working on the canals, the levees and so one because the river eventually lead to them. 2. They were connected to people by working with each other on the river 3. Many villages grew independent. 4. We call this region, Sumer and the people from it are called Sumarians. 5. One of the cities could stop the water from reaching another city by building new canals to stop from flowing 6. It was easy to attack another city because it provided no natural barriers or anything like that. 7. The best defense plan is to put the kingdom in the middle, then put a moat with several deadly animals then guard the door with your warriors and put some warriors in your base put some land and make another mat except with oil.
 * Event D: Attacks by Neighboring Communities.**

=__Assignment 2-3__= Please read pages 56-59 from your online textbook and answer these questions clearly and in complete sentences on your wiki page.

1. How did the Fertile Crescent get its name? 2. What was the most important factor in making Mesopotamia's farmland fertile? 3. In what ways did a Division of Labor contribute to the growth of Mesopotamiam civilization? 4. How might running large projects like the maintaining a large and complex irrigation system prepare people for running a government?

Answers:

1. The fertile crescent got its name by 2. The most important factor in making the Mesopotamia’s farmland fertile is the water, to soften it up or to make sure it does not become too moisture so that it became too moisture 3. These are the ways the division Labor contribute to the growth of Mesopotamina’s farmland fertile: they used canals and levees to hold or take water. 4 Running large projects like maintaining a large cooparation will help people prepare for running a government because it helps solve problems and once running a country you will face problems such as this and this problem will help you prepare for it.

=__Assignment 2-4__= Using **The Six Characteristics of a Civilization** (see below)**,** answer the following questions **clearly** and with **details** on your wiki page. = = 1. Is Korea/ the U.S. a civilization according to the six characteristics explained in class? Provide one example from Korea/the U.S. for each characteristic. 2. Does a civilization, in your opinion, need to have all of the characteristics mentioned? Why or why not?

=__Answers:__= 1. Korea fits all of the characteristics in a way. Such as a religious system, if Korea believed in something it will probably be Buddha. And the other requirements fit all of them.

2. No, because if it had to fit all of them or fit them all exactly as worded, there couldn't be that many civilization. Example would be human, just because some one is: blind, deaf, cannot speak, cannot read or write, and had something less or more than other people doesn't mean that person isn't a human.

= =

=__Assignment 2-5__= Use your online textbook pages 63 & 64 to answer these questions clearly and with details on your wiki page. Make sure to look through the **whole page** in your textbook and the links for the vocabulary when answering some of the questions.


 * 1) Where did the Akkadians live?
 * 2) What was their relationship with the Sumerians like before the 2300s B.C.E.?
 * 3) Who was Sargon and what did he do?
 * 4) What did Sargon establish?
 * 5) Define 'empire'.
 * 6) Explain two examples why Sargon is considered a great leader.
 * 7) How long did Sargon rule his empire?
 * 8) What eventually happened to the Akkadian Empire?
 * 9) Who eventually became the most powerful civilization in Mesopotamia again?
 * 10) Using the picture of the City-State of Ur, what can you see in the picture that shows Ur was an advanced city?

=__Answers:__=

1. Akkadians lived in just South of Sumer 2. They lived together very peacefully. 3. Sargon was the leader of Akkadians he extended his territory and he launched many attacks to neighboring kingdoms 4. Sargon established making an empire 5. Empire means **a land with different** **territories and peoples under a single rule** 6. Two examples why Sargon is considered a great leader because he was the first ruler to have a permanent army and he made an empire. 7. Sargon ruled his empire for more than 50 years. 8. It became separated after Sargon's death. 9. Eventually Sumer became the most powerful civilization in Mesopotamia again. 10. It is really large and the walls are massive.

=__Assignment 2-6__= After playing the Trader's Circuit, answer the following questions in complete sentences on your page. You can copy and paste these questions into your page. Then copy and paste your questions and answers onto your discussion tab. Then go to the **discussion tabs** of at least three other classmates and make **good quality middle school comments** about your classmates answers to the questions about the Trader's Circuit game. You can make comments to your classmates like if you agree or disagree or comments about how good their answers and ideas are. __**Trader's Circuit questions**__ 1. What part of the game did you like the best? Why? 2. During the game, how did you feel and why did you feel that way? 3. What part of the game was difficult for you? 4. In your opinion, what advantage is there to having a monopoly of an entire product/resource such as dates or jewelry? 5. What part of the game would you change if you played it again? Why? 6. In this game, was it better to cooperate with another player or to be selfish and try to get all the products/resources for yourself? Why?

=__//**Answer:**//__= 1. I liked keeping a couple of cards to prevent other people from getting monopoly. 2. I felt irritable because some other people were going for the same monopoly as me. 3. Associating with other people was the hardest part of the game in my opinion. 4. Dates and jewelry were worth alot of points and they are valuable and rare. 5. I would make tribes to actually just trade when you need things. That is because deciding things to monopoly was hard. 6. It was better to cooperate with another player than being selfish because that person could help you.

=__Assignment 2-7__=
 * Source: Read pages 74 and 75 in your online textbook**
 * Directions:** Read the questions/directions carefully and write **clear and detailed** answers on your wiki page.

1. Read the "If you were there..." section on page 74. How will you advise the King? 2. What happened to Ur by 2000 BCE? 3. Where was Babylon located? 4. Who became the king of Babylon? When did he become king? 5. What is a monarch? 6. After conquering all of Mesopotamia, what did Hammurabi call his empire? 7. Hammurabi was a great warrior and leader. What other skills did he have? 8. What is Hammurabi's Code? What areas of daily life did the code cover? 9. Give two reasons why Hammurabi's Code was important. 10. What eventually happened to the Babylonian Empire? How is this similar to what happened to the Akkadian Empire? 11. Read the different laws in the [|Code of Hammurabi on this site] and choose **three** that you think are interesting. __**Copy**__ the three laws and their **numbers** onto your page. Then for **each** law, explain why you think it's interesting. You can write about if you disagree or agree with the law or if you think the law is a good law or a cruel law.

=__Answers:__= 1. I would advise the king by telling him that all citizens should be treated the same way; but treat the citizen according to how big the crime is because the social power does not matter that much because a then a noble could commit a crime with a normal citizen and that citizen could have his arm chopped off or something but a noble will have to pay. So then a noble could commit alot of crime, and get away with it. 2. Sargon was a mighty leader, his people respected him and he launched many attacks to neighbor kingdoms and succeed in making the world's first empire, but soon after his death the after wards leader was not as successful as Sargon. Other towns took advantage of that and attacked Ur. And by 2000 BCE Ur laid in ruins. 3. Babylon was located Euphrates River which is now called Baghdad in Iraq it used to be one of the Sumerian town but it had a powerful government of it's own. 4. Hammurabi became the king of Babylon at 1792 BCE he would become a ruler of an empire. 5. A monarch is a ruler of an empire or a kingdom, which Hammurabi was. 6. After conquering all of Mesopotmia, Hammurabi called his empire Babylonian Empire, after his capital city. Like Quebec, and Quebec City. 7. Hammurabi's great skill wasn't only on the battle, it was also in his brain. He could govern a HUGE empire. 8. The Hammurabi code is a code of laws there are 282 laws he set that dealt with almost every single day which were: trade, loans, and theft to marriage, injury, and murder. 9. The Hammurabi code was important because it did not care about the social level, and also it protected the citizens. 10. Eventually the Babylon Empire was ruined soon after Hammurabi's death. This is same as the Akkadian Empire because as soon as Sargon died the empire layed in ruins. 11. a) If any one ensnare another, putting a ban upon him, but he cannot prove it, then he that ensnared him shall be put to death. R:) This is cool I think because the person who ensnared would be put to death without any proof that he actually ensnared someone. b) If any one steal cattle or sheep, or an ass, or a pig or a goat if it belong to a god or to the court, the thief shall pay thirtyfold therefore; if they belonged to a freed man of the king he shall pay tenfold; if the thief has nothing with which to pay he shall be put to death. R:) I think this is interesting because before if you could not pay you were put to death, because they were doing labor anyways. But now-a-days we were put in to hard labor instead of being put to death. c) If the owner do not bring witnesses to identify the lost article, he is an evil-doer, he has traduced, and shall be put to death. R:) I find this interesting because just because an owner does not bring a witness to identify the lost article he will be put to death, because now-a-days we would try to find proof, and not kill them just because they don't have proof.

=__Assignment 2-8__= =**Characteristics of Civilization**= =**Civilization Name:** Assyrians= Was it difficult to find evidence for the culture you picked? Why or why not? It was very difficult to find evidence for the culture I picked because some of them were not in there. =**Assyrians**= []
 * Source: Read pages 76 and 77 in your online textbook**
 * Directions:** Review Pages 76-77 and choose one of the groups below. Research the group you have chosen (two links are provided for each already) and complete **The Characteristics of Civilization Chart** for the civilization you have chosen. Write **clear and detailed** answers in the chart, on your wiki page.
 * ==**Six Characteristics of Civilization**== || ==**Evidence for Characteristic**== || ==**Explanation**== ||
 * 1. A system of government that directs and controls some actions of the members of the society. || Sargon the Great was the King of Akkad and that proves that there is a government that directs and controls. || Sargon planned attacks when to retreat when to and what to trade etc. ||
 * 2. A regular food supply that is not likely to suddenly change. || Akkad was individual and had fairly many trades. || They obviously had their own farms and since they were very powerful they had power over alot of places which is why they are called the Akkadian Empire. ||
 * 3. Specialization of labor, in which members of the society perform different jobs. || There were soldiers, farmers, advisers. || Soldiers fought; farmers made food so the Assyrians could survive; and advisers advised Sargon what to do. ||
 * 4. Different social levels, in which some members of the society are given higher status than others. || Sargon the Great || Sargon was the king and to me he is the only well known person in Akkad. Sargon launched attacks, he retreated them, he made trades, he moved things around and etc. ||
 * 5. A highly developed culture including art, architecture, music, literature, science, and writing. || Architecture, Art. || There were statues left of Sargon and I'm pretty sure that they lived in houses which are architecture. ||

[]

=**Hittites**= [|http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/MESO/HITTITES.HTM]

[]

=**Chaldeans**= []

[|http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/MESO/CHALDEAN.HTM]