MESOPOTAMIA

=MESOPOTAMIA=

=**__Assignment 2-1__**= Answer the following questions and define the vocabulary (if any) clearly and with details on your wiki page.** **Use the links above from the Class Activity 2-1** **//to// help you answer the questions.**

1. What helped the human population to grow in //Mesopotamia//? 2. What does //cultivate// mean? 3. By 5000 B.C.E. what major problem did the farmers in the Zagros hills have? 4. Using the choices in the critical thinking section of the activity, what is the best way to deal with the food shortage? Why?
 * //Event A: Food Shortage//**

1. What two major problems did farmers have as they tried to grow their crops on the Mesopotamian river //plains//? 2. How did they solve these problems? 3. Where did the melted snow that caused flooding come from?
 * Event B: Uncontrolled Water Supply**

__**//Assignment 2-1 answers//**__ //**Event A**// 1) The great amount of crops made them a bigger in settlement because when more crops there are more people that can eat them. 2) Cultivate means to "//prepare and use"//. (from Cambridge online dictionary. 3) The main problem that people in Zagros was having problems of not having enough land for farming and for settlement of people. 4) I think the best way to deal with food shortage is to move to rivers where would be fertile land. We can use mud piles to prevent flood.

//**Event B**// 1) The soil was hard as metal and sometimes there were too much water during the flood season. 2) They used canals (irrigation system) to control the water(not too much and not too less). 3) The melted snow came from the mountains when it melted it ran down.

=__**Assignment 2-2**__=
 * Answer the following questions and define the vocabulary (if any) __clearly__ and with __details__ on your wiki page. Use the links above from the In Class Activity 2-1 called //Event C:// //Building and Maintaining a Complex Irrigation System// & //Event D: Attacks by Neighboring Communities// to help you answer the questions.**

1. What was the first simple method farmers used to get water to their fields from the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers? 2. How did farmers prevent flooding? 3. Over time, carrying buckets of water to the fields was too difficult. Please __**clearly**__ explain how levees, canals, dams, and reservoirs were used to make life easier for farmers? 4. Which word means an extra supply of something such as food? 5. What could happen if one canal was clogged? 6. How did different villages take care of the complex irrigation system?
 * Event C: Building and Maintaining a Complex Irrigation System**

1. How did Mesopotamian villages help each other? 2. How were people, who lived very far apart, connected to each other? 3. What did many villages grow into? 4. What do we call the region in Mesopotamia that had many growing cities and towns? What are the people called that come from this region? 5. How could one city stop the water from reaching another city? 6. Why was it easy to attack other cities on the Mesopotamian plains? 7. What defense plan is best to protect a city?
 * Event D: Attacks by Neighboring Communities**

__//**Assignment 2-2 answers**//__ 1)The simple methods that the farmers used in Mesopotamia was to get water with a bucket and carry it every time. They would have to do this about 1000 times a day then. P.S this was the dumbest idea I've ever heard of. 2) To prevent the flooding, farmers dug a hole which was called //levees//. 3) Levees was use to prevent flooding and it was also used to irrigate water to the farmland during the drought. Canals are man made water ways to control the direction of the water. Dams and reservoirs are use to block and store water along various parts of the river. 4)The extra amount of food is called surplus. 5)If one single canal was clogged, the entire irrigation system become destroyed. So to prevent this, they had to clean regularly to get rid of slit. 6) They clean the slit off the canal regularly since this is very importance because it can destroy the whole irrigation system. 1) Mesopotamian villages were helping each others on canals and maybe by helping them during war or not attacked. 2) Villages from long away were able t contact with people because of the canals and the irrigation system. 3) The villages became a larger settlement of people. They grew into larger cities. 4) The name for industrial cities and towns are called Sumer(one of the most smart humans on Earth. 5) Make a canal that is a contribution so less water would go to the other city. 6)It was easy because they had canals that connected to villages to village and they can track them with it.(not sure^^hehe) 7) Making walls (two or three guards between them.Wall one- surrounding the palace, wall two- houses and home of citizens, wall three- the fields and farming land, wall 4- surrounding everything, between there is about 200 meters of space, where patrols and soldiers sleep and work.
 * //Event C//**
 * //Event D//**

=**__Assignment 2-3__**= Please read pages 56-59 from your online textbook and answer these questions __**clearly** and in **complete sentences** on your wiki page__.

1. How did the Fertile Crescent get its name? 2. What was the most important factor in making Mesopotamia's farmland fertile? 3. In what ways did a Division of Labor contribute to the growth of Mesopotamian civilization? 4. How might running large projects like the maintaining a large and complex irrigation system prepare people for running a government?

1)The fertile crescent got it's name because it's land looks like a crescent (not really^^) ans it is very fertile, between two rivers. 2) The most important factor in Mesopotamia is the silt produced in the place. Silt is a mixture of rocks and soil. 3)The division of labor grew in Mesopotamian civilization because people classified into parts and obs that they have to complete. 4)Running projects can prepared people for a government they need to think how to do this project wisely and discuss with each other. The discussion and the thinking may be the preparation.
 * //__Assignment 2-3 answers__//**

=__Assignment 2-4__  = Using **The Six Characteristics of a Civilization** (see below)**,** answer the following questions **clearly** and with **details** on your wiki page. = = 1. Is Korea/ the U.S. a civilization according to the six characteristics explained in class? Provide one example from Korea/the U.S. for each characteristic. 2. Does a civilization, in your opinion, need to have all of the characteristics mentioned? Why or why not?

1. A system of government that directs and controls some actions of the members of the society. 2. A regular food supply that is not likely to suddenly change. 3. Specialization of labor, in which members of the society perform different jobs. 4. Different social levels, in which some members of the society are given higher status than others. 5. A highly developed culture including art, architecture, music, literature, science, and writing. 6. A religious system, which might include priests and temples. 1)Yes, it has all the characteristic. First it has an organized government. Second there is a good supply and the products do not change suddenly in the market. Third, there are people doing a specific job. Forth, There are different levels, for example in a school like a director and a principle which is one lower than the director. There are construction of buildings and there are religious system like Christianity.
 * The Six Characteristics of a Civilization:**
 * //__Assignment 2-4 answers__//**

2) Yes because this is an well organized nation and this is the way most countries are. However you do no need all of these. There are some nation that doesn't have all things like North Korea.

=__Assignment 2-5__= Use your online textbook pages 63 & 64 to answer these questions clearly and with details on your wiki page. Make sure to look through the **whole page** in your textbook and the links for the vocabulary when answering some of the questions.


 * 1) Where did the Akkadians live?
 * 2) What was their relationship with the Sumerians like before the 2300s B.C.E.?
 * 3) Who was Sargon and what did he do?
 * 4) What did Sargon establish?
 * 5) Define 'empire'.
 * 6) Explain two examples why Sargon is considered a great leader.
 * 7) How long did Sargon rule his empire?
 * 8) What eventually happened to the Akkadian Empire?
 * 9) Who eventually became the most powerful civilization in Mesopotamia again?
 * 10) Using the picture of the City-State of Ur, what can you see in the picture that shows Ur was an advanced city?

1) They Akkadians lived in the North of Sumer. 2) Ur and Uruk (individual city/king states) fought over Sumer cities. 3) Sargon was floated in the river and raised like a own child. Later he becomes the emperor. 4) Lead the army and defeated over many Sumerian cities. 5)Empire- COUNTRIES a group of countries that is ruled by one person or government (directly from crambridge learner's dictionary.) 6) He lead the first army that used bow and arrow and won over many Sumerian cities. 7) He ruled him army for 50 years and lived from 2334–2279 BC. 8) It fell apart after Sargon's death. However Ur and Sumer rebuilt it's strength. 9) After, the Sumers became the most powerful again. 10) It had a canal flowing through and a good protection system and the palace towards the middle.
 * //__Assignment 2-5__//**

=__Assignment 2-6  __= After playing the Trader's Circuit, answer the following questions in complete sentences on your page. You can copy and paste these questions into your page. Then go to the **discussion tabs** of at least three other classmates and make **good quality middle school comments** about your classmates answers to the questions about the Trader's Circuit game. You can make comments to your classmates like if you agree or disagree or comments about how good their answers and ideas are. __**Trader's Circuit questions**__ 1. What part of the game did you like the best? Why? 2. During the game, how did you feel and why did you feel that way? 3. What part of the game was difficult for you? 4. In your opinion, what advantage is there to having a monopoly of an entire product/resource such as dates or jewelry? 5. What part of the game would you change if you played it again? Why? 6. In this game, was it better to cooperate with another player or to be selfish and try to get all the products/resources for yourself? Why?

1) The thing I liked the best was that we need to get the monopoly and we needed to trade with others. 2) I felt eager to make and monopoly and trade well. 3) The part when we needed to trade and others did not have it. 4) Jewelery is very valuable and worthy but I would have date because we can also make money from suger in the dates. 5) I think we can change the part to trading with money or a certain object that we can use to by and sell things. I would be easier. 6) A metal seller can buy all the metal from others metals can make yourself the only one with metals.
 * //__Assignment 2-6 answers__//**