Assignments+2-1~

Assignment 2-1 Answer the following questions and define the vocabulary (if any) clearly and with details on your wiki page. Use the links above from the Class Activity 2-1 to help you answer the questions.Event A: Food Shortage 1. What helped the human population to grow in Mesopotamia ? Farming helped population to grow in Mesopotamia. 2. What does cultivatemean? To cultivate means to plant crops. 3. By 5000 B.C.E. what major problem did the farmers in the Zagros hills have? The major problem the farmers in the Zagros hill had was that people did not have enough food. 4. Using the choices in the critical thinking section of the activity, what is the best way to deal with the food shortage? Why? I think that the best choice would be a but to widen the territory too. If you widened the territory and grew more crops each year, the food and the population would be growing together. To widen the space for the crops, they would have to move to the river ( B) eventually. Event B: Uncontrolled Water Supply 1. What two major problems did farmers have as they tried to grow their crops on the Mesopotamian river plains ? The two major problems were that there were times with sudden floods or when the land became too dry. 2. How did they solve these problems? 3. Where did the melted snow that caused flooding come from? The melted snow that caused the flooding came from the mountains. Assignment 2-2 Answer the following questions and define the vocabulary (if any) clearly and with details on your wiki page. Use the links above from the In Class Activity 2-1 called Event C: Building and Maintaining a Complex Irrigation System & Event D: Attacks by Neighboring Communities to help you answer the questions. Event C: Building and Maintaining a Complex Irrigation System 1. What was the first simple method farmers used to get water to their fields from the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers? The simplest way to get water to farm was to carry buckets of water. 2. How did farmers prevent flooding? Farmers prevented flooding by things called levees. 3. Over time, carrying buckets of water to the fields was too difficult. Please clearly explain how levees, canals, dams, and reservoirs were used to make life easier for farmers? Reservoirs, levees, canals and dams all prevented flooding and brought water mechanically towards the farm. 4. Which word means an extra supply of something such as food? The word that means an extra supply of food is surplus. 5. What could happen if one canal was clogged? If one canal was clogged, the water wouldn't get downstream. d] 6. How did different villages take care of the complex irrigation system? They took care by getting and giving help to other neighboring communities. Event D: Attacks by Neighboring Communities 1. How did Mesopotamian villages help each other? Mesopotamian villages helped each other by providing things and cooperating to make the whole thing work. 2. How were people, who lived very far apart, connected to each other? They were connected to each other by the canals. 3. What did many villages grow into? Many villages grew into city-states 4. What do we call the region in Mesopotamia that had many growing cities and towns? What are the people called that come from this region? They were called Sumer and they were called Sumerians. 5. How could one city stop the water from reaching another city? They could stop the flowing or somehow make all the water come into their village. 6. Why was it easy to attack other cities on the Mesopotamian plains? It was easy to attack each other because... going to ask 7. What defense plan is best to protect a city? The best defense plan to protect a city is by( My opinion) building clay walls with sharp wooden (rare) spikes on the top and in case of losing a battle, there will e "evacuation plans" to get out of the territory before ambush.

=__Assignment 2-4__  = Using **The Six Characteristics of a Civilization** (see below)**,** answer the following questions **clearly** and with **details** on your wiki page. = = 1. Is Korea/ the U.S. a civilization according to the six characteristics explained in class? Provide one example from Korea/the U.S. for each characteristic.] Yes, Korea is a civilization. It has a system of government, a regular food supply, people with jobs, different social levels, and highly developed culture. It has a president that is higher than others and gets to make most decisions, it has developed technology, we have specialization of labor such as doctors..We also have a stable food supply of rice and etc.

2. Does a civilization, in your opinion, need to have all of the characteristics mentioned? Why or why not? I think that in a civilization, a religious system is not needed. The reason is because you could have religion but I believe that it could cause a lot of bad things duch as prejudice among other people.

1. A system of government that directs and controls some actions of the members of the society. 2. A regular food supply that is not likely to suddenly change. 3. Specialization of labor, in which members of the society perform different jobs. 4. Different social levels, in which some members of the society are given higher status than others. 5. A highly developed culture including art, architecture, music, literature, science, and writing. 6. A religious system, which might include priests and temples
 * The Six Characteristics of a Civilization:**



Use your online textbook pages 63 & 64 to answer these questions clearly and with details on your wiki page. Make sure to look through the **whole page** in your textbook and the links for the vocabulary when answering some of the questions.
 * =__Assignment 2-5__=


 * 1) Where did the Akkadians live?
 * 2) What was their relationship with the Sumerians like before the 2300s B.C.E.?
 * 3) Who was Sargon and what did he do?
 * 4) What did Sargon establish?
 * 5) Define 'empire'.
 * 6) Explain two examples why Sargon is considered a great leader.
 * 7) How long did Sargon rule his empire?
 * 8) What eventually happened to the Akkadian Empire?
 * 9) Who eventually became the most powerful civilization in Mesopotamia again?
 * 10) Using the picture of the City-State of Ur, what can you see in the picture that shows Ur was an advanced city?

1. Akkadians lived North to the Sumerians. 2. The Sumerians and the Akkadians lived very peacefully before the 2300s B.C.E 3. Sargon was a man that rebelled against his king and built Akkad into a military power. He was among the first military leaders to use soldiers armed with bows and arrows. Sargon gained the loyalty of his soldiers by eating with them every day. 4. Sargon established the first empire. 5. A empire is a lot of state or countries under a single supreme authority. 6. Two reasons Sargon was considered a great leader was that 7. Sargon ruled his empire for more than 50 years. 8. Eventually, however, the Sumerian city-state of Ur rebuilt its strength and conquered the rest of Mesopotamia. Political stability was restored. The Sumerians once again became the most powerful civilization in the region. 9. Sumer eventually became the most powerful. 10. I can see that because the land is very large compared to the Sumerian land.

=**__Assignment 2-6 __**= After playing the Trader's Circuit, answer the following questions in complete sentences on your page. You can copy and paste these questions into your page. Then go to the **discussion tabs** of at least three other classmates and make **good quality middle school comments** about your classmates answers to the questions about the Trader's Circuit game. You can make comments to your classmates like if you agree or disagree or comments about how good their answers and ideas are. __**Trader's Circuit questions**__ 1. What part of the game did you like the best? Why? 2. During the game, how did you feel and why did you feel that way? 3. What part of the game was difficult for you? 4. In your opinion, what advantage is there to having a monopoly of an entire product/resource such as dates or jewelry? 5. What part of the game would you change if you played it again? Why? 6. In this game, was it better to cooperate with another player or to be selfish and try to get all the products/resources for yourself? Why?

1. I liked how you had to consider and think before you traded like when you try to figure out what item to gain monopoly in. 2. I felt very competitive in this game because I wanted to gain monopoly first so my voice got louder eventually.' 3. The part that was difficult for me was to get rid of the leftover cards that nobody traded for. 4. I think that the advantage is that people will know to come to you when they need a certain item. 5. I would change it to have more variety if thing to change. 7. It was better to cooperate because the other person can get things for you if she/he finds a person with the item I want.

=**__ssignment 2-7 __**=
 * Source: Read pages 74 and 75 in your online textbook**
 * Directions:** Read the questions/directions carefully and write **clear and detailed** answers on your wiki page.

1. Read the "If you were there..." section on page 74. How will you advise the King? Yes, nobles should have less harsher punishments because they might have more money to give to the government for the crime while a common cannot pay for the crimes and will have to pay his/her life. 2. What happened to Ur by 2000 BCE? Ur was drained of power after Sargon's death when there were repeating foreign attacks. 3. Where was Babylon located? Babylon was located on the Euphrates river, now Baghdad. 4. Who became the king of Babylon? When did he become king? The king of Babylon was Hammurabi.

5. What is a monarch? A monarch is a ruler of a kingdom or empire. 6. After conquering all of Mesopotamia, what did Hammurabi call his empire? Hammurabi called his empire Babylonian empire. 7. Hammurabi was a great warrior and leader. What other skills did he have? He oversaw many building and irrigation projects and improved Babylon’s tax collection system to help pay for them. He also brought much prosperity through increased trade. Hammurabi, however, is most famous for his code of laws.

8. What is Hammurabi's Code? What areas of daily life did the code cover? This law covered trade, loans, and theft to marriage, injury, and murder. 9. Give two reasons why Hammurabi's Code was important. The Hammurabi code was important because it was very thorough and it was written for all to see. 10. What eventually happened to the Babylonian Empire? How is this similar to what happened to the Akkadian Empire? 11. Read the different laws in the [|Code of Hammurabi on this site] and choose **three** that you think are interesting. __**Copy**__ the three laws and their **numbers** onto your page. Then for **each** law, explain why you think it's interesting. You can write about if you disagree or agree with the law or if you think the law is a good law or a cruel law. =**__Assignment 2-8 __**= =Characteristics of Civilization= =Civilization Name:= You can see by that sentence that there are traders and soldiers there. || ==Six Characteristics of Civilization== || ==Evidence for Characteristic== || ==Explanation== ||
 * Source: Read pages 76 and 77 in your online textbook**
 * Directions:** Review Pages 76-77 and choose one of the groups below. Research the group you have chosen (two links are provided for each already) and complete **The Characteristics of Civilization Chart** for the civilization you have chosen. Write **clear and detailed** answers in the chart, on your wiki page.
 * <span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate;"> A form of government || <span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; line-height: normal;"> There was a leader named Shamashi Adad. || There is a certain leader that leads the civilization. ||
 * <span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate;"> Specialization of labor || <span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; line-height: 20px;"> artwork and Assyrian kings. ||
 * Different social levels || King, slaves and etc. ||
 * Food supply || Food supply from farms that were very fertile because of the Tigris river. ||
 * Highly developed culture || golden accessories and etc. ||
 * Religion || Apsu, Tiamat, Lahmu, Anshar, Nash, Sin and etc. ||

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