Assignments+3-Jay

__Assignment 3-8__ Now that we are finished with the ancient Egypt unit, I would like you to reflect on what you have learned about ancient Egypt. Please complete these sentences **clearly and with specific details**. Write the answers on your wiki page. If you need reminders of what we did, just scroll through the assignments on this page or look through your notes.

1. The single most important thing I learned was... The single most important thing I learned was that pharaohs were considered gods.

2. Something that confused me or that I didn't understand was... Something I didn't understand was that why people would think that you could measure a heart to a feather.

3. What surprised me the most was... What surprised me was that slaves didn't make the pyramids, the Egyptian people did. I thought that Egyptians would have whipped slaves and themselves didn't do the work, becase it was depicted that way in books and movies.

4. I would like to know more about... I would like to know more about the valley of the kings, because I think it is kind of cool to have a place where so much tombs are, and I would like to visit the valley. It was always a curious place for me.

5. The part that I think I will always remember was... The part I will always remember is the mummifying process, because it was a pretty gruesome and disgusting one, but it was interesting, to know that the Egyptians had that developed technology, enough to take out a person's brain without sawing the head off. It was also surprising.

=Assignment 1=


 * Sources:**
 * **Carefully read your online textbook pages 88 and 89.** **(Note: Make sure you scroll down on page 89 to see more information.)**
 * **Use the map above, the maps in the //Egypt Resources// wiki page, or your Scribble Map search function**


 * Directions:**
 * **Your task is to label a map of the Nile River and ancient Egypt on your current Scribble Map. You must mark, label, or represent famous sites, cities, and other objects. //Label everything carefully//.** (Note: //Mark// means use a marker, //label// means use a text label, //represent// means draw a symbol to show the item.)
 * **You must also provide an image and a description for some of the labels. Each description must be at least three sentences long and must be clear, detailed, and specific. Your description should give us clear information to help us understand the item or place and why it was so important for ancient Egyptians.**

1. Represent and label the Nile’s Sixth Cataract to the First Cataract.

2. Label the Red Sea.

3. Represent three mines and three quarries. **Provide an image and a description for each mine and quarry.**

4. Represent and label these historic sites: the Valley of the Kings, the Great Pyramid of Khufu, the Sphinx, Abu Simbel, the Pharos (lighthouse in the port of Alexandria), the Bahriya Oasis and the Farafra oasis (include palm trees). **Provide an image and a description for each historic site.**

5. Mark these cities: Abydos, Thebes, Giza, Hermopolis, Memphis, Bubastis, Rosetta, Alexandria, Meroe, Khartoum, and Elephantine

6. Label these geographical features: the Western Desert, the Eastern Desert, the Nile Delta (include animals found here), the Sinai Peninsula, the Wadi el-Natrun, the Mediterranean Sea, the Gulf of Suez, the Nubian Desert. Include animals of the desert. **Provide an image and a description for each geographical feature.**

7. Label Lower Egypt and Upper Egypt.

=__Assignment 3-3__=
 * Source:** How to Mummify Nefermaat
 * Directions:** Go to the link above to mummify a body. As you work to mummify the body, answer the following questions __**clearly and with details**__ on your wiki page.
 * 1) Why did Egyptians want to [|preserve] dead bodies? They thought there was afterlife, and that the body would have to be well-preserved to travel through the afterlife.
 * 2) How did they [|preserve] bodies? What is this process of preservation called? They took out the brain, took out organs,, and wrap the body in linen. This process was called 'mummification'.
 * 3) Explain how the brain was removed from the dead body. Why was the brain removed? They stick a wire in the nose, brake the brain, and pick it out. The brain was removed because it was thought as a useless organ in your body for the afterlife.
 * 4) Name the four internal organs that were removed from the body. What was done with these organs? They took out the internal organ, the lungs, the liver, and the stomach. They took it out and put it in a jar.
 * 5) What did they do with the heart? Why? They thought that the heart was a necessary organ for the afterlife, so they left it.
 * 6) What is natron and why was it used? Using your scribble map of Egypt, name the area where natron came from. Natron came from the Nile River in Egypt.
 * 7) How was [|linen] used during mummification? They put linen in the mummy's stomach to make it look plump, and wrap it in linen.
 * 8) What are [|amulets] and how were they used? Give two examples of amulets that were used and explain why they were used. Amulets were thing that they placed on the mummy. Two amulets are the amulet of heart, and the amulet of good health.
 * 9) What happens to the body after it was mummified? A golden mask is placed on the head, and it is placed i a mummy case, and it is placed in a sarcophagus.

=__Assignment 3-2__=
 * Source: Pages 93 & 94 in your online textbook and refer to your river boat tour notes**
 * Directions: Answer the following questions clearly and with details on your wiki page.**

1. Read the //If YOU were there section//. How do you feel about working for the pharaoh? I would feel very proud working for the pharaoh. 2. Eventually the Third Dynasty began in ancient Egypt. The Third Dynasty was the beginning of what historians call ............. . When did it start and end? 3. Explain how ancient Egyptians felt about their country and their pharaoh. They felt very proud about their country, and they considered pharaoh as god. 4. What were the responsibilities of the pharaoh? They had to take care of their people, and try to prevent wars, and take over more territory. 5. What is best known about the famous pharaoh, Khufu? Can you name a specific monument built for him? He treated his people cruelly, and he is famous for the Great Pyramid of Giza. 6.a Clearly explain the structure of society in the Old Kingdom. (Note: This should be a long answer.) 6.b. What may be some advantages and disadvantages of such a large segment of the population being farmers, servants, and slaves? 6.c. What did farmers do during flood season? 7. Clearly explain trading in ancient Egypt (what was traded and who they traded with). 8. Define the word //**acquire**//. Use //**acquire**// in an original sentence. 9. Using the drawing of Egyptian society on page 94, explain where Viziers would be placed?

=__Assignment 3-4__= I would want to be Ra, the sun god. Ra was the most important god in Ancient Egypt. I would like to be the most important god. Also, he was reborn every day, and that would be nice. His mask also looked the best among the other masks of the other gods. What god I do not want to be is Anubis. This is because it would be gruesome to be look at all those dead people and mummification processes. Osiris and Ereshkigal. They were both rulers and gods and rulers of the underworld. Anu and Horus. They are both rulers or gods of the sky. Ra and Shamash. They were both sun gods. I think the two civilizations were similar because They both had rivers close to them, so their geography is similar, and also they had the similar kind of social levels.
 * Part 1:** Go to this [|site] and read about the different Egyptian gods and goddesses . Choose one of these that you would like to be and explain why you would like to be that god or goddess . Then choose one that you would __**not**__ want to be and explain why. Make sure your explanations are **middle school quality explanations**.
 * Part 2:** Compare these Egyptian gods and goddesses with the [|Mesopotamian gods and goddesses]. Did you find similar gods? Name the gods/goddesses and clearly explain the similarities? Why do you think they are similar even though Egypt and the Mesopotamian civilizations were different?

= = = = = = __Assignment 3-5__ Pyramids were tomds made for the pharaohs of Ancient Egypt. The tomb had to be very big since pharaoh were considered god in Ancient Egypt, and they had to put in many things that the pharaoh will need afterlife, like servants, jewelry, and artwork. Some servants were even buried alive. Making the pyramids were a long, very long process. It was also vey hard and needed a lot of workers. About 100,000 workers were needed to build a single pyramid! The government paid the peasants fairly. Also, slaves didn't make pyramids, but peasants and Egyptians did. The thought that slaves built pyramids is a false fact. Why pyramids were important is because it represents the pharaoh's powers and greatness. The pointed top of the pyramid represents the travel to after world of the pharaoh. Since the Egyptians believed that the Pharaoh controlled their afterlife, they worked as hard as they can to make the pyramid. In the old kingdom, the pharaohs had not a lot of power in the old kingdom. But in the middle kingdom, the pharaohs got more powers, Also, in the middle kingdom, Egypt started to take back territory. The middle kingdom was 2050 BC- 1570BC. The country involved in war was the Hyksos. Life was very good in that period in Ancient Egypt since Egypt took over very much territory. But also, it would've been not peaceful since there was wars all the time.